الفهرس 
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Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma is an aggressive cancer, Pleura is the most common site of mesothelioma.Distinguishing between bengin and malignant mesothelial proliferation on effusions is a challenge.BAP-1 is tumour suppressor gene located on chromosome 3p21and functions as a deubiquitinating enzyme, specifically regulating chromatin remodelling, functioning as a mediator of DNA damage responses and growth suppression.The present study aims to evaluate the diagnostic utility of BAP-1 immunohistochemistry in distingushing between reactive and atypical mesothelial cells in both pleural biopsy and pleural effusion and correlate the results to clinico-pathological finding.The current retrospective study carried on 61 cases, 36 cases of pleural biopsies and 25 cases of pleural cell blocks, 13 cases have both pleural biopsies and pleural effusions. The blocks were collected from the Pathology Department of Benha Faculty of Medicine and Early Cancer Detection Unit (ECDU), Benha Universityfrom January 2013- December 2017. The clinico-pathological data were collected from the files of patients.Out of the 25 pleural effusions cell blocks, 10 cases were atypical mesothelial proliferation and 15 cases were reactive mesothelial proliferation. The atypical cases diagnosed by pleural effusion were confirmed by biopsy to be malignant mesothelioma. Out of 15 cases of reactive mesothelial proliferation, 3 cases had pleural biopsies which showed to be malignant mesothelioma.