الفهرس 
Effect of incorporation attractants as feed additives in diets containing high levels of plant protein concentrates on performance, nutritional, physiological and economical parameters of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In order to study the effects of incorporation of attractants as feed additives in diets containing high levels of soybean protein concentrates on performance, nutritional, physiological, histological and economical parameters of Nile tilapia, four experiments were conducted.
Seven dietary treatments were formulated. Diet 1 was based on fish meal as a sole source of animal protein (control, diet 1). Fish meal protein was substituted partially and totally by soybean protein concentrates whereas, 50, 75 and 100% of fish meal protein were replaced (diets 2, 4and 6) and another three diets (3, 5 and 7) were formulated as diets 2, 4and 6 but supplemented with 3,5and 7% guava leaves meal ,GLM (experiment 1) or 1,2.5 and 3% moringa leaves meal, MLM (experiment 2) or 2, 2.5and 3% blood meal, BL (experiment 3) and 2.54, 3.81and 5.08 % of fish oil, FO (experiment 4). Each diet was fed to randomly assigned duplicate aquaria where each aquarium was stocked with 10 fish each.
Experiment1: At 18 weeks, fish fed the control diet and diet 3 obtained the highest growth performance and nutritional parameters and whereas the lowest values for these parameters and higher values for FCR were obtained by fish fed diets 6 and 7 and the differences were significant. Significant differences were detected in the biometric and biochemical parameters by increasing the replacement levels of FM protein.
Experiment 2: At 19 weeks, fish fed diets 1, 3 and 5 obtained the highest values of body weight, SGR and PER. Significant differences were recorded in biometric and biochemical parameters.
Experiment3: At the end of the experiment (20 weeks and 23 weeks) fish fed diets 1and 3 obtained the highest body weight, SGR and PER. Significant differences were noticed in biometric and biochemical parameters for fish fed the experimental diets.
Experiment4: Fish fed diets 1, 2, 3 and 5 obtained the highest performance and PER parameters. Significant differences were recorded in biochemical parameters.
For all experiments, the cost / Kg feed was decreasing by increasing the replacement but the opposite was true for profit index. Also Nile tilapia fed diets supplemented with attractants performed better especially with higher replacement levels than those fed the same diets without attractants supplementation. In addition, in experiments 1, 2 and 3, fish fed diets where higher replacement levels (75 and 100%), the attractants supplementation to these diets resulted in keeping the integrity of fish liver and intestine from the histologically viewpoint.