الفهرس 
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Abstract
The study was conducted on fourteen dogs using split mouth technique. Both quadrants of the upper jaw of each dog were used. The upper right quadrant was the control side and upper left quadrant was the side of injection. Seven dogs were injected by ethanolic extract of propolis 1000 mg/l (group 1), and the other seven dogs were injected by ethanolic extract of propolis 500 mg/l (group 2). Each dog was injected by propolis three times at days : 0, 7, and 14. One ml of the solution was injected around the upper left canine each time.
The orthodontic appliance was composed of a 12 mm long NiTi closed coil spring. The closed coil spring was connected posteriorly to a button on the third premolar and anteriorly to a buccal tube at the canine. Force of 200 gram was applied at each side.
The animals were sacrificed after 21 days. The right and left jaw halves of the animals were prepared for specimen. The specimens were decalcified and prepared for histological evaluation to detect changes in osteoblastic and osteoclastic activity.
The collected data were then statistically analyzed for changes and compared to the point out differences between before and after treatment.
from the results of this study, it could be concluded that:
• Injection of 1 ml of propolis (500 mg/l) once per week for three weeks did not produce any changes regarding the orthodontic tooth movement in dogs (neither increase nor decrease).
• Increasing the propolis concentration to 1000 mg/l in the same dose (1 ml) once per week for three weeks produces significant decrease (delay) in the orthodontic tooth movement in dogs.
• The increased propolis concentration leads to increase bone deposition in the tension side & decrease bone resorption in the compression side.