الفهرس 
Introduction
Biological effects of ionizing radiationOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Since outputs of X‐ray generators in the coronary angiography departments vary and cardiologists have individual skills therefore examination times and operation techniques by department teams are different and every interventional cardiology departments must be detected individually. Angiography workers may receive over a period relatively high radiation dose. Doses in interventional cardiology should all be kept as low as reasonably achievable, taking into account economic and societal factors. This means that the level of protection should be the best under the prevailing circumstances, maximizing the margin of benefit over harm‖
The optimization process should include the selection of equipment, the consistent production of adequate diagnostic information or therapeutic outcome as well as the practical aspects.
The primary source of radiation is the x-ray tube, but only the patient should be exposed to the primary x-ray beam. The main source of radiation exposure of the staff is called secondary radiation or scatter radiation from the patient, parts of the equipment and the patient table.
This study was performed in angiography department of El Demrdash hospital
Poor use of personal dosimetry by some interventional radiologists was brought to light. Most professionals do not use an over-apron dosimeter as recommended by the International Commission on Radiological Protection.
This study mainly highlights the need to use radiation protection tools and personal dosimeters to protect staff and monitor eye lens doses.