الفهرس 
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Abstract
Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is considered the ninth major cause of death, biomarkers have been investigated in DM research field to understand the pathophysiology of DM, help in diagnosis and find new therapeutics. This study evaluated the role of galectin 1 in T2DM, explore the epigenetic regulatory effect of miRNA22 and lncRNA MEG3 on gelatin 1 and postulate the role of these biomarkers in early detection and/or prevention of disease progression.
Methods: The current study included three groups: Fifteen T2DM patients without complications, fifteen T2DM patients developed one or more diabetic complications and fifteen normal healthy individuals. All participants were subjected to history taking; clinical exam and accurate analysis of patient’s medical records then blood samples were collected from every participant and serum was separated. Expressions of gal-1, lncRNA MEG3, miR22 were assessed by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).
Results: The study revealed higher levels of gal-1, miR22 and lower levels of MEG3 in serum samples of T2DM Patients generally compared to normal healthy individuals and in T2DM patients developed one or more diabetic complications compared to T2DM patients without complications.There was significant correlation between the investigated three markers among different study groups.
Conclusion: Studied biomarkers may be promising to be used to predict T2DM and its complications. Studies with larger sample sizes are required to further confirm the role of Gal-1, MEG3, miR22 in early detection of T2DM and prevention of disease progression, occurrence of complications and validating these biomarkers in therapeutics.