الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The current study was conducted to evaluate
1- The possible ameliorative effects of BCP on the hepatotoxicity and myelotoxicity of MTX and/or LEF therapy in case of rheumatoid arthritis
2- The possible therapeutic role of BCP in treatment of experimental rheumatoid arthritis
Experimental design: The rats in group I were subcutaneously injected with 0.25 mL of paraffin oil into the palmar surface of the left hind paw and orally administered with corn oil. In all other groups, AIA was induced by subcutaneously injecting 0.25 mL of CFA in the palmar surface of the left hind paw of the rats.
Effect of β-caryophyllene on the therapeutic efficacy of methotrexate and/or leflunomide
1- Paw thickness and arthritic index: Combination therapy (MTX +LEF) significantly reduced paw thickness and arthritic index compared with MTX or LEF alone. Further, co-administration of BCP and MTX or LEF or MTX+LEF significantly thickness and arthritic index when compared with MTX or LEF or MTX+LEF
2- Serum TNF-α level and oxidant/antioxidant status: a significant increase in serum GSH level compared with the AIA group. Serum TNF-α and MDA levels and a significant increase in serum GSH level compared with the MTX or LEF or MTX+LEF group.
3-Architecture of paw joint: the normal smooth surface of articular cartilage and subchondral bone with a thin synovial membrane were restored in the MTX+LEF+BCP group.
Effect of β-caryophyllene on the adverse effects of methotrexate and/or leflunomide
1- Hematological parameters: a significant decrease in RBC count, Hb concentration, PCV, monocytes, eosinophils and neutrophils and increase in total WBC, increased RBC count, Hb concentration, eosinophils, and monocytes and decreased total leukocyte count.
2-Effect on liver function enzymes: Meanwhile, the concurrent administration of BCP and MTX and/or LEF significantly reduced serum ALT, AST, and ALP levels.
3. Histopathological findings
1. Spleen: Co administration of BCP to the above groups showed improvement of white pulp reduction.
2. Bone marrow: The administration of BCP with MTX and LEF showed a reappearance of hematopoietic foci with fewer fat cells.
3.Liver: Mild fibrotic portal area, moderate periductal cellular infiltration were observed in the MTX+LEF+BCP group. These data were statistically significant.
.Rehab