الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present dissertation deals with the synthesis of new series of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine, pyrazolo[4ꞌ,3ꞌ:5,6]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine, pyrazolo[4ꞌ,3ꞌ:5,6]pyrido[2,3-d][1,2,3]triazinone and pyrazolo[4ꞌ,3ꞌ:5,6]pyrido[3,2-e][1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-c]pyrimidine derivatives to be tested for their antimicrobial activity. The content is divided into 5 parts, in addition to the arabic summary Part 1: The introduction: discusses the classification of antimicrobial drugs based on their therapeutic targets. This part also includes different examples from recent literature describing the antimicrobial activity of different series of pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine and fused pyrazolopyridine derivatives. Part 2: The research objectives: discusses the major aims that direct the theoretical and practical work. Part 3: The theoretical discussion of the experimental work: illustrates the different possible conditions for the preparation of the desired compounds. It also demonstrates the results of antimicrobial and antiquorum-sensing testing of the investigated compounds. Furthermore, it displays the results of DNA-binding and TOP IIβ inhibition assays. Moreover, it illustrates the results of computational studies. Part 4: The experimental work: includes the synthetic procedures of the designed compounds, and the adopted procedures of antimicrobial and antiquorum-sensing testing, as well as DNA-binding and TOP IIβ inhibition assays, and the methods used for computational studies. Part 5: The references: includes the list of references cited in this thesis, and they are arranged according to their appearance in the thesis. There are 176 references covering the period from 1983 to 2019.