الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITERATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Cirrhosis of the liver is a growing health problem and death from this condition is increasing rapidly among both men and women. Cirrhosis is a chronic disease of the liver in which diffuse destruction and regeneration of hepatic parenchymal cells and diffuses increase in connective tissue result in disorganization of the lobular architecture so micronutrients play significant role in liver diseases.
In hepatic cirrhosis, the presence of any one or more of jaundice, ascites, portal hypertensive gastrointestinal bleeding, and/or, encephalopathy is considered as decompensation. Decompensationis a significant risk for mortality. One-year mortality in compensated cirrhosis is 1–3.4 % but in decompensation it is elevated to 20–57 %.
The aim of study was to assess the serum magnesium level in patients with liver cirrhosis.
This study will be conducted on 60 patients with liver cirrhosis and 20 healthy subjects without evidence of any liver disease as controls. Patients and controls will be selected from inpatient and outpatient clinic of Hepatology Department of Tropical Department of Faculty of Medicine Menufia Univerisity and Damnhour Fever hospital.
Patients and controls will be classified into the following groups: group I: will include 60 patients liver cirrhosis, they will be classified according child-pugh into: group (Ia): will include 20 Child-Pugh A cirrhotic patients group (Ib): will include 20 Child-Pugh B cirrhotic patients, group (Ic): will include 20Child-Pugh C cirrhotic patients and group II: will include 20 healthy Subjects as a control group.
Summary
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from the study the following results were obtained:
The causes of cirrhosis which was revealed that; the higher cause of liver cirrhosis was hepatitis C which was contributed about 60% from all causes then the second cause was hepatitis B on other hand the lower causes were autoimmune and wilson (6.67% and 1.67%) but statistically was insignificant difference ,In relation to hematemesis and melena was revealed that all cirrhotic patients were not suffered with hematemesis and melena and statistically was significant difference versus control group.
As regard to anorexia was found that 50% of cirrhotic patients group Child B were complained from anorexia but other groups Child A and Child C all cirrhotic patients were not complicated with Anorexia and statistically was significant difference ,In direction to loss of weight was reported that all cirrhotic patients Child C were suffered with loss of weight but in cirrhotic patients Child A suffered with loss of weight was 45% versus cirrhotic patients Child B suffered with loss of weight was 25% and statistically was significant difference
As regard to the blood transfusion need was found that the highest cirrhotic patient’s percentage was needed to blood transfusion was Child C 40% and statistically was significant difference ,As regard to the operations need was found that the highest cirrhotic patient’s percentage was needed to operations was Child C 20% and statistically was significant difference
In relation to distension was found that 60% cirrhotic patients Child C was suffered from distension versus cirrhotic patients Child A and cirrhotic patients Child B (0.00% and 50%) and statistically was significant difference
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As regard to hernia was found that 40% cirrhotic patients Child C was suffered from hernia versus cirrhotic patients Child A and cirrhotic patients Child B (0.00% and 25%) and statistically was significant difference ,In directional to scars was found that 25% cirrhotic patients Child B was suffered from scars and statistically was significant difference.
a. In relation to Tremors the all cirrhotic patients class A had no tremors on other hand cirrhotic patients class B and cirrhotic patients class C were suffered from fine tremors (50.00% and 20.00%, respectively) and statistically was significant difference, As regard to Palmer erythema was found that; all cirrhotic patients class B were not had this complication versus cirrhotic patients class A and cirrhotic patients class C were suffered from Palmer erythema as follows (55.00% and 40.00, respectively) and statistically was significant difference.
In directional to muscle wasting was reported that more than 50% percentage of all cirrhotic patients classes were suffered from muscle wasting and statistically was significant difference, In relation to Jaundice was revealed that the Jaundice was found only among 60% cirrhotic patients class C and statistically was significant difference.
In relation to Pallor was reported that all cirrhotic patients classes (A, B, and C) were suffered from Pallor (100%, 100% and 60%) and statistically was significant difference ,On other hand as regard to cyanosis all cirrhotic patients classes (A, B, and C) were not suffered from cyanosis.
also in directional to Spider naevi except 40% of cirrhotic patients class C were suffered from Spider naevi.
As regard abdominal pain was found only among 20% cirrhotic patients class C and statistically was significant difference.
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In relation to Purpera was revealed that all cirrhotic patients class A were not suffered from Purpera but only 40% from cirrhotic patients class C were suffered from Purpera and statistically was significant difference, Only 20% of cirrhotic patients class C were suffered from gynecomastia and statistically was significant difference , On the other hand 40% of cirrhotic patients class C were suffered from echemosis and statistically was significant difference ,In the same direction 100% of cirrhotic patients class C were suffered from LL Odema and statistically was significant difference.
As regard to encephalopathy was found that the only cirrhotic patients class C had encephalopathy 80% and statistically was significant difference, In relation to Palpation liver was found that the most cirrhotic patients among all classes were shrunken and statistically was significant difference.
On other hand in relation Palpation Spleen was reported that the most cirrhotic patients among all classes were enlarged and statistically was significant difference, In directional to severe percussion ascites was presented only among cirrhotic patients class C and statistically was significant difference.
In relation to liver was examined by ultrasound for all cirrhotic patients among all classes were suffered from cirrhotic and statistically was significant difference , Also as same direction when examined the spleen by ultrasound was revealed the most cirrhotic patients were Enlarged spleen and statistically was significant difference.
But only 40% of cirrhotic patients class C were suffered from Severe ascites when was examined by ultrasound and statistically was significant difference, But as regard to portal vein when was examined by ultrasound was found that more than 50% of cirrhotic patients were not dilated and statistically was significant difference.
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All cirrhotic patients among difference classes were nearly closed in its age range and statistically was insignificant difference, Also all cirrhotic patients among difference classes were nearly closed in its normal range of his pulse and statistically was insignificant difference
All cirrhotic patients among difference classes were suffered its upper limit of respiratory rate range was abnormal and statistically was significant difference
The total leucocyte count was increased up to twice than normal range among cirrhotic patients and the highest mean value was 7.865± 3.291among cirrhotic patients Child C and statistically was signi-ficant difference, The Hb (g/dl) was decreased than normal range among cirrhotic patients and the lowest mean value was 8.430±0.868 among cirrhotic patients Child C and statistically was significant difference ,The Platelets (*10^3/mm3) was decreased than normal range among cirrhotic patients and the lowest mean value was 69.700±22.448 among cirrhotic patients Child C and statistically was significant difference ,The AST (IU/L) was increased than normal range among cirrhotic patients and the highest mean value was 99.400±61.100 among cirrhotic patients Child A and statistically was significant difference, The ALT (IU/L) was increased than normal range among cirrhotic patients and the highest mean value was 61.850±23.800 among cirrhotic patients Child A and statistically was significant difference
The INR was increased than normal range among cirrhotic patients and the highest mean value was 2.480 ± 0.335among cirrhotic patients Child C and statistically was significant difference
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The Albumin was decreased than normal range among cirrhotic patients and the lowest mean value was 2.310±0.406 among cirrhotic patients Child C and statistically was significant difference
The Bilirubin was increased than normal range among cirrhotic patients and the highest mean value was 4.040± 0.486 among cirrhotic patients Child C and statistically was significant difference
The Urea was increased than normal range among cirrhotic patients and the highest mean value was 118.200± 57.980 among cirrhotic patients Child C and statistically was significant difference ,The creatinine was increased than normal range among cirrhotic patients and the highest mean value was 1.5650
The Sodium was decreased than normal range among cirrhotic patients and the lowest mean value was 122.950±2.502 among cirrhotic patients Child C and statistically was significant difference
The Potassium was decreased than normal range among cirrhotic patients and the lowest mean value was 4.165±0.503 among cirrhotic patients Child C and statistically was significant difference
The Mg was decreased than normal range among cirrhotic patients and the lowest mean value was 1.277±0.202 among cirrhotic patients Child C and statistically was significant difference
a. The element sodium the highest area under the curve was 0.987 that means the excellent element decrease among cirrhotic patients then element Mg the second area under the curve was 0.806 that means the very good element decrease among cirrhotic patients on other hand as regard to element Potassium the third area under the curve was 0.525 that means the bad element decrease among cirrhotic patients.