الفهرس 
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Abstract
The results from the collecting data from local authorities at one of governorates of Egypt showed that the incidence of the parasitic affections (Hydatidosis, Fascioliasis, Cysticercosis and Sarcocystosis) during the routine post-mortem inspection was decreased in 2018 than 2017.
The incidence of hydatid cysts from the collecting data during 2018 for 3067 slaughtered camel was 2.64% (2.47% in lung, 0.16% in liver and couldn’t be recorded in kidney). According to seasonal variation, the highest incidence (5.16%) was recorded in winter.
The incidence of hydatid cyst during the detailed post-mortem inspection at medium-size abattoir in Menoufia governorate, Egypt was 18% in camels (17% in lung, 0.9% in liver and couldn’t be detected in kidney). According to seasonal variation, the highest incidence (21%) was also detected in winter.
For old female cattle, the results from the collecting data revealed that the incidence of hydatid cyst was 0.41% of 6293 carcasses (0.31% in lung, 0.07% in liver and only one affected kidney). According to seasonal variation, the highest incidence (0.70%) was also detected in autumn. The incidence during the detailed post-mortem inspection was 0.3% of 340 carcasses and the lung was the only affected organ. The affection was detected in spring.
The incidence of hydatid cysts from the collecting data in 12483 old female buffalo was 0.63% (0.56% in lung, 0.56% in liver and 0.03% in kidney). According to seasonal variation, the highest incidence (1.05%) was recorded in autumn. The incidence during the detailed post-mortem inspection was 0.5% of 366 carcasses and the lung was the only affected organ. The affection was detected in summer. Hydatid cysts couldn’t be detected in young male cattle, young male buffalo, sheep and goat.
The incidence of fascioliasis from the collecting data was 0.51%, 1.30%, 0.18%, 0.36%, 0.22% and 0.12% for old female cattle, old female buffalo, young male cattle, young male buffalo, sheep and goat, respectively, but it couldn’t be recorded in camel. The highest incidence (0.75%) was occurred in winter.
The incidence of fascioliasis during the detailed post-mortem inspection was 0.9% in camel, 1.2% in old female cattle, 0.8% in old female buffalo and 0.1% in young cattle, but it couldn’t be detected in young male buffalo, sheep and goat. The highest incidence (0.6%) was in winter.
The incidence of cysticercosis during the routine inspection was 0.33%, 0.12%, 0.24%, 0.05%, 0.05% and 0.12% in old female cattle, young male cattle, old female buffalo, young male buffalo, sheep and goat, respectively. According to seasonal variation, the highest incidence was occurred in summer in old female cattle, old female buffalo and sheep, but in autumn and winter in case of young male cattle and goat, respectively. During the detailed post-mortem inspection, cysticercosis couldn’t be detected.
For buffaloes, macroscopic sarcocysts appeared as rice-seed like shaped, rounded, elongated, white or creamy colored, lying in between muscle fibers parallel to longitudinal axis of muscle mass and ranged 0.3 – 2.2 mm. According to the collecting data, the incidence of macroscopic sarcocysts was 9.78% in old female buffaloes, 0.74% in young male buffaloes and 0.19% in old female cattle, but couldn’t be recorded in camel, young male cattle, sheep and goat. The highest incidence was
occurred in autumn for old female buffaloes and cattle, but in spring for young male buffaloes. The incidence of macroscopic sarcocysts according to the detailed post-mortem inspection was 62.8% from total 366 old female buffaloes (54% in esophagus and 6.8% in tongue). The highest incidence was occurred in autumn; also the only cyst in esophagus of young male buffalo from a total 502 was detected at the same season. Macroscopic sarcocysts couldn’t be detected in camel, old female cattle, young male cattle, sheep and goat during the detailed post-mortem inspection.
DNA extraction and PCR amplification of 18S rRNA gene region was conducted to identify sarcocysts in esophageal samples of different hosts by using special primers. PCR reading confirmed the presence of sarcocysts in four from a total six examined samples of apparently healthy buffaloes. Also, only one of three samples confirmed of cattle. For sheep, two positive samples out of three were confirmed. For goat, one positive sample out of three was confirmed. The three samples of camel were confirmed negative by PCR.
According to the present results it was recommended that:
- Preparation of educational programs and posters showing the seriousness of that parasitic affections and how to avoid it.
- The necessary to increase health awareness especially in the remote area.
- Education the danger of approaching dogs with ruminant in the farms.
- Eradication of stray dogs.
- Avoid slaughtering of animals outside abattoirs to prevent zoonosis to human.
- Accurate P.M examination of carcasses in abattoir.
- Sanitary elimination of condemned offals or carcasses of positive parasitic affections with hygienic measures.
- Precautions should be taken in abattoirs to prevent entrance of dogs and cats.
- Using diagnostic methods as PCR for confirmation and prevention of zoonotic sarcocystosis.
- Avoid eating under-cooked offals.
- Thoughrly cooking of offals ”predilection for microsarcocyst” at 700c for 15 minutes before consumption to prevent zoonotic sarcocystosis.
- Thoughrly heat treatment of offals involved in dog and cat diets.