الفهرس 
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Abstract
Vital pulpotomy procedure has always been a topic of debate. Various medicamens have been suggested in the dental literature to be used in vital pulpotomies in an attempt to replace FC.
Thus, the current study was divided into 2 parts, the first was a randomized clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy of TheraCal LC clinically and radiographically over a period 3,6,9 and 12 months. The second part was a histological study aimed to evaluate the effect of TheraCal LC histopathologically in pulpotomized primary human molars.
A total of seventy children participated in the present study sixty children aging 4-7 years old were recruited for the first part of study and 10 children aging 8-10 years old were recruited for the second part from the Outpatient’s clinic of the Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain Shams University for whom 60 mandibular 2nd primary molars pulpotomies were performed with either TheraCal LC or FC.
A- Clinical Evaluation:
All cases in the two groups had no clinical failures except for tenderness to percussion. In The TheraCal LC group, only three cases (10%) complained of tenderness to percussion at 6 months recall period which was not evident at 9 and 12 months and thus it could be due to children,s apprehension and inability to properly give a report of pain response. In FC group there was no failure data clinically over the all follow up period. Hence, there was no statistically significant difference between two groups.
B- Radiographical Evaluation:
All cases in the two groups had no radiographic failures except for internal root resorption and inter- radicular bone resorption. In The FC group, three cases (10%) showed internal root resorption at 9 and 12 months and two cases (6.7%) showed inter-radicular bone resorption. While two cases (6.7%) in the TheraCal LC group had internal root resorption and one case (3.3%) showed inter-radicular bone resorption at 9 and 12 months follow up. Accordingly, there was no statistically significant difference between two groups. The noticed radiographic failure could be a result of improper diagnosis and case selection, residual monomer or calcium and hydroxyl ion release from TheraCal LC.
For FC group, the noted failures may be due to leaching of low molecules weight FC to the inter-radicular region or improper tissue fixation by the low strength dilution of FC.
C- Histological Evaluation:
A histological evaluation was performed following a period of two months of application of TheraCal LC in human pulp treated primary mandibular 2nd molars. The results of the present study showed that TheraCal LC caused chronic inflammatory reaction with varying intensities which is considered a normal reaction to a foreign material. Tissue response was found to be in the direction of repair revealing dentine bridge formation. Absence of polymorphnuclear leucocytes, a sign of acute inflammation, is in favor of TheraCal LC which also correlates to clinical findings where no abscess formation was evident.