الفهرس 
Prevalence and skewing of dental cariesOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Nowadays, dental caries can be controlled through the reduction of cariogenic flora and implementing minimal intervention surgical procedures. Recently, the incorporation of antibacterials to restorative materials, has evolved, due to the increased understanding of the caries process and the development of adhesive and bioactive restorative materials. In this study, the clinical effectiveness of CHX-modified GIC was compared to conventional GIC placed in primary molars after 12 months. A random sample of 45 children aged 5-8 years, with carious primary molars, was selected from the Pedodontic clinic, Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University. Only patients with single-surface occlusal cavities in primary molars, involving dentin, were selected. The selected children were free from systemic diseases, while selected molars were free from spontaneous pain and mobility. Participating children were randomly distributed into three treatment groups, of 15 children each. In group I, carious primary molars were restored with the ART approach using conventional GIC. In Groups II and III carious primary molars were restored with the ART approach using 1% and 2% CHX -modified GIC, respectively. Experimental GICs were fabricated by incorporating CHX diacetate powder into the powder of the conventional GICs in a 1% and 2% w/w ratio. Approval from the Research Ethics Committee was obtained. Consents from children’s parents were obtained. Excavation of the carious tissue was performed using hand instruments, only. Enamel hatchet was used to widen the cavity entrance and excavators were used to remove soft, infected dentin at the dentino-enamel junction. Conditioning of the cavity and adjacent pits and fissures was done with 20% poly-acrylic acid for 10 seconds and mixed GIC was placed using the pressfinger technique. The finished restoration was then covered with petroleum jelly. Clinical evaluation was carried out one day after ART application and at 3-, 6- and 12-month intervals for all groups using a 0.5 mm ball ended WHO CPI probe according to the standard ART criteria for assessing ART restorations. The results of the present study revealed no significant difference between the survival rates of conventional versus CHX modified GIC, placed using the ART approach, in primary molars at the different time periods. Out of the 45 restorations placed, 4 failed. The most common cause of failure was due to wear and tear of the restoration deeper than 0.5 mm. Based on this study’s results, the following conclusions can be obtained: 1. The ART approach using HVGIC is an effective method to treat primary teeth with single surface caries. 2. Incorporation of CHX diacetate into HVGIC at 1 and 2% does not affect the clinical effectiveness of HVGIC when placed using the ART approach over the observed period of 12 months. 3. Modified HVGIC using 1 and 2% CHX diacetate can be considered a valuable alternative, in conjunction with minimally invasive techniques, for the general clinical application in pediatric dentistry.