الفهرس 
INTRODUCTION TO OPTIMIZED CALIBRATION OF REAL ANTENNA ARRAY SYSTEMOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Smart antenna system is a necessary sub system of any wireless communication system. It is based on the beam forming of the antenna array patterns to achieve the requirements of the signal’s parameters estimation. It could also maintain the performance of the wireless communication systems by suppression of interference and noise. Direction of arrival estimation is one of the most important processes for smart antenna systems. All levels of the direction of arrival estimation algorithms increase the ability of the wireless communication systems to achieve better capacity and through puts for these networks. Single and double stage of the virtual transformation of the real antenna array systems could significantly compensate various electromagnetic effects at the signals’ environments. The combined technique of the n-stage virtual transformation with a nature inspired optimization algorithm (e.g. gravitational search optimization algorithm) achieved more accepted resolution for the direction of arrival estimation spectrums using the real antenna array systems. Thus, clever optimization algorithms are very useful tools to solve all types of electromagnetic problems (i.e. linear and nonlinear problems). They are inspired by the nature and its strong phenomena for problem solving as a general. The combination of more than one of these algorithms (e.g. gravitational search optimization, invasive weed optimization and wind driven optimization algorithms) could be used to calibrate any real antenna array system to get the main requirements of the minimization of the side lobe levels and the beam widths with a full control on the nulls within the optimized array patterns. The fuzzy logic controller can also be used to combine with the meta heuristic algorithm to improve its performance of optimization for solving the electromagnetic problems. This thesis shows the implementation of new techniques to define correctly the direction of arrival spectrum and antenna array synthesis for calibration purposes in any hardly electromagnetic affected signals’ environment.