الفهرس 
Radiological Anatomy
Mechanical heart valvesOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The aortic valve disease is a condition where main function of the valve which allowing the blood to pass from the main pump of the heart (left ventricle) into the main vessel of the body (aorta) in one direction is compromised either by stenosis or regurgitation. This condition is usually managed surgically by valve replacement with either biological tissue valve or metallic valve.
And Since people with mechanical valve need to take a lifelong prescription of anti-coagulants and live with its complications, the need for the use of biological valves such as the Freestyle stentless aortic root is becoming more favorable despite the fact that they are more prone to degenerate, necessitating their change or further procedure such as TAVI.
The Freestyle stentless (Medtronic Inc, Minneapolis, Minn) aortic bio-prosthesis is a xenograft composed of a thin synthetic sewing cuff attached to a glutaraldehyde preserved porcine aortic root using an alpha-amino oleic acid leaflet as an anti-calcification treatment. Unlike other bio-prosthesis, the Freestyle aortic bio-prosthesis does not have a stent and the absence of stent has been reported to provide better hemodynamic properties compared with stented biological valves, with less turbulent flow and larger efficient effective orifice area. And so, this bio-prothesis is becoming more favorable recently, necessitating analysis and data collection.MRI is now superior to other modalities, as it has a very high ability to visualize highly sophisticated cardiac structure without the need to use contrast agents or subjecting the patients to high radiation dose like the case with other modalities, while providing a lot of crucial data regarding flow assessment as well as providing reliable functional calculation
The use of CMR protocols to assess the aortic root stiffness by calculating both the pulse wave velocity and the aortic distensibility, will provide an indicative data regarding the durability and degeneration of the Freestyle stentless (Medtronic Inc, Minneapolis, Minn) aortic root over time.
The MRI proved to be an excellent tool as its sequences and images processing are very informative regarding the aortic root hemodynamics through measuring both its pulse wave velocity and distensibility, allowing us to prove that the Freestyle stentless bio-prosthesis is a good option for all patients with aortic valve disease as their hemodynamics are superior to metallic bio-prosthesis despite their structural changes, providing a long term result.