الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
In our studied 74 patients, 22 cases (29.73%) were female where 52 cases (70.27%) were males. The mean weight was 2001.5±683.6 with the median (range) was 1900(800-3600).
The gestational age mean ± SD was 33.76±3.23 and the median (range) was 34(28-41)week. The number of neonates who had no previous history of NICU admission was 52 cases (70.27%) while 22 cases (29.73%) had history of previous NICU admission.
In our study, The diagnosis of pulmonary disease was based on medical history, clinical manifestations , clinical examination ,the cases was categorized as respiratory distress syndrome ( RDS ) and there number s were27 (36.48%) . Pneumonia 13cases (17.5%), transient tachypnea of neonates 23 cases(31.08%),Meconium aspiration syndrome 9 cases(12.16%),pleural effusion 2 cases (2.7%).
In the all the 74 cases enrolled in our study chest ultrasound was applied and the disease was further categorized according to the chest ultrasound finding into respiratory distress syndrome 25 cases (33.78%) .Pneumonia13 cases (17.56%), Transient tachypnea of new- born (TTN) 25 cases (33.7%) , Meconium aspiration (MAS), 9cases(12.16%).Pleural effusion4 cases (5.40%). We found that there no difference between diagnosis of the cases by(clinically ,history , and chest x-rays ) versus chest sonar diagnosis (p value=0.157) which was statistically in significant .
We found that the combined lung three signs lung consolidation , pleural line abnormalities and absence of A line findings by US in RDS 24 cases (96%). (p value less than 0.001) statistically significant . with sensitivity 96%, specificity 63.3% . However pleural effusion , double lung point and absence of lung sliding could not be seen in RDS.
We found that there was positive relation between double lung point and TTN in 13 cases (52%) , p value less than 0.001which was statistically significant with sensitivity 52%, specificity 100% .
However no case showed pleural effusion lung consolidation nor absence of lung sliding.
We found that the combined lung consolidation , pleural line abnormalities and interestial lung finding by us and pneumonia 11(84.6%). (p value =.001) statistically significant . with sensitivity 84.6%, specificity 77%
We found that the most specific finding in MAS is lung consolidation 9 (100%) (p value =.023) statistically significant .with sensitivity (100%) , specificity 40%. In all cases admitted as MAS no case showed Double lung point , pulmonary oedema .Us was found most beneficial in diagnosis of pleural effusion ,TTN
Study Limitation:
• Age group: we conduct only the neonatal group suffered from limited disease as RDS,TTN,MAS ,Pneumonia, excluding cases with pneumothorax ,BBD or those with congenital malformation.
• Number of patient: we conduct only74 patient in our study.
• Lack of material potential: availability of other facilities like CT scan lack of experience .
• Recommendation:Based on this study, we recommended informing pediatricians to:
1- know the importance of learning ultrasound and its wide use in NICU including neonates with respiratory distress as well as other application been already used in NICU such as transcranial ultrasound screening hip dislocation ……etal.
2- The importance of follow up neonates with respiratory distress for detection of change of ultrasound finding in each disease during convalescent stage.