الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present (in vitro study) aimed to evaluate calcium hydroxide
intracanal medication remnants after removal by two methods of
Irrigation: conventional irrigation and Navitip FX brush and the effect of
the remnants on the adaptability of two root canal sealers : AH plus and
MTA Fillapex in extracted human teeth.
In the present study seventy sound human freshly extracted single
rooted teeth were collected. The crowns of all teeth were resected and
total length of each root was standardized to be 16mm from the root apex.
The root canals were instrumented using crown-down technique and to an
apical iso size of 50. The samples were randomly classified after cleaning
and shaping into two main groups according to intercanal condition
(technique of calcium hydroxide removal)(n=25) ,and other control group
without calcium hydroxide(n=20) and two subgroups for each according
to type of sealer used(n=10).
group A(n=50):Root canals were filled with injectable calcium
hydroxide, group B (n=20): Root canals were sealed empty without
calcium hydroxide intracanal medication (control group). Samples of
group A were subdivided according to the technique utilized for
intracanal medication removal into two subgroups
;subgroupA1(n=20)(calcium hydroxide removed with conventional
irrigation),subgroupA2(n=20)(calcium hydroxide removed with Navitip
FX brushes)and the two subgroups A1,A2 were subdivided according to
the type of root canal sealer used for obturation into two
subgroups;subgroupA1α,A2α(n=10)AH PLUS sealer used for root canal
obturation,subgroupA1β,A2β(n=10) MTA Fillapex sealer used for root
canal obturation.
Summary
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group B was subdivided according to type of sealer into two
subgroups: subgroup Bα (n=10) and AH plus sealer was used for canal
obturation, and subgroup Bβ (n=10) where MTA Fillapex was used for
canal obturation.
After removal of calcium hydroxide five teeth were randomly
selected from both subgroups A1 and A2. Root samples were cut
longitudinally. And calcium hydroxide remnants evaluation was done by
EDAX (energy dispersive X-ray micro-analyzer) at apical, middle, and
cervical thirds of each root half (n=10).
After 7 days from root canal obturation, the samples were checked
under SEM at a ×100 magnification SEM images of each sample
analyzed using image tool 3.00 used for measuring gaps area, width, and
length to evaluate sealing ability of tested root canal sealers.
Results regarding amount of calcium hydroxide remnants after
removal by the two techniques showed that conventional irrigation
removed calcium hydroxide slightly higher than Navitip FX brushes but
there was no statistical difference between the two techniques.
Results regarding the adaptability showed that AH plus is better
than MTA Fillapex in the control group (without Ca(OH)
2, however AH
Plus showed slightly better sealing ability than MTA Fillapex in the
presence of Ca(OH)2
remnants without statistical difference between the
two sealers.
Conclusion and recomm