الفهرس 
Aim and Plan of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
The master thesis include aim of the work and three main chapter
Aim of the work
The work of the present thesis will be oriented to prepare
and characterized newly synthesized ligands and their
vanadium complexes in order to use as anti-diabetic drugs.
I-Introduction
This chapter includes an overview of previous researches for
complexes of Schiff base ligands and their vanadium
complexes and also to study their biological activity as antidiabetic.
II-Experimental part
The first part of this chapter will be oriented to synthesis new
ligands and their vanadium complexes. The structure will be
investigated using different techniques such as: elemental,
thermal and spectral analyses (IR, 1H- NMR, UV-Vis, Mass and
ESR) as well as magnetism and molar conductances.
The second part is to study:
1-The effect of newly synthesized complexes (in vivo) when given
once orally to overnight food deprived rats given oral glucose load
(oral glucose tolerance test).
2-Complexes with promising effects will be tested in streptozotocin
(STZ)-induced hyperglycemia in rats (several dose levels, single or
repeated administration).
3-preleminary safety studies will be carried out on the most promising
compounds.
- The third part includes histopathological examination of pancreatic &
kidney tissues taken from animal groups of the second part using
routine hematoxylin and eosin staining to detect the effect of the used
vanadium chelates on these tissues.
III-Results and discussion
This chapter includes characterization of the ligands and their vanadium
complexes. Synthesis of the ligands (1)-(10) is illustrated in schemes (1),
(2), (3), (4) and (5).
First, dimethyl tartrate was used as starting material in the formation of
ligands (1), (2), (4) and (8). As it reacted with hydrazine hydrate followed
by salicylaldehyde, hydrazine hydrate only, o-phenylenediamine only or
o-phenylenediamine followed by 3-(hydroxyimino)pentane-2,4-dione
yielded ligands (1), (2), (4) and (8) respectively scheme. 2. Ligand (3)
was prepared by adding equimolar amounts of ethyl chloroacetate and
aniline. The mixture was refluxed with hydrazine hydrate and
salicylaldehyde (scheme.3).
Ethyl chloroacetate with methyl p-hydroxybenzoate sodium salt were
considered the synthons for preparing ligands (5) and (6). In ligand (5),
hydrazine hydrate was added in second step but for ligand (6) ophenylenediamine
was added. The last step, 3-(hydroxyimino) pentane-2,
4-dione was added for both ligands (scheme.4). Ligand 7 was prepared by
adding o-phenylenediamine to 3-(hydroxyimino) pentane -2, 4-dione .
Finally, ligands (9) and (10) were prepared by refluxing equimolar
amounts of ethyl acetoacetate and 1,2-dibromoethane and o-aminophenol
or o-amino benzoic acid respectively(scheme. 5) .
All ten new vanadium complexes were tested on rats with OGGT test to
perform the best effect of complexes on glucose level with different
doses , after acute and chronic administration of the complexes to
diabetic rats .The result, we found that complexes (1) and (8) decrease
glucose level and after histopathological examination for liver and kidney
we found no toxic effect.