الفهرس 
H. Pylori and Related DisordersOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Swallowing disorders, or dysphagia, is a general term used to describe the inability to move food from the mouth to the stomach. This condition should be differentiated from any other disorder that prevents transfer of food to the mouth or food beyond the stomach. Feeding disorder, which is the inability to get food to the mouth, and gastric outlet obstruction, the inability of food to pass from the stomach into the small intestine, should be differentiated from swallowing disorders (Dawodu et al., 2003).
Achalasia can lead to reduced gastroesophageal junction relaxation or absent esophageal peristalsis. Zenker’s
diverticulum can lead to swallowing difficulty with possible nocturnal aspiration of residue in the diverticulum. Other deserts in the wall of the esophagus or in the external structures (eg, in the hilar lymph nodes) can lead to
dysfunction in the propulsion of the bolus within the esophagus on to the stomach (eg, esophageal webs, rings, strictures intraluminal obstruction from solids) and in weak
esophagopharyngealperistalsis due to scleroderma or other conditions (Dexedu et al., 2003).
Imaged esophageal function can result in retention of food and liquid in the esophagus after swallowing. This