الفهرس 
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Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD), also known as atopic eczema, is a chronic relapsing inflammatory skin disease. Its prevalence is continuously increasing. In Egypt it was found that the prevalence of AD among schoolchildren was 12.01%. Regarding the age the higher percentage of cases with AD in preschool children, 62.2% were of <3 years old, 18.9, 12.2 and 6.7% were of 3 to 6, 6 to 9 and 9 to 12 years old, respectively.Various studies indicate that AD has a complex etiology. The clinical manifestations of AD are the product of manifold interactions between genetic, immunologic, and environmental factors. A precise understanding of the relative role of these factors in the pathogenesis of AD is critical for the development of effective management strategies.Oxidative stress is defined as the formation of oxidants in the cells of the human body that acutely or chronically exceeds the antioxidant defense capacity. Oxidants, including free radicals that’s any species capable of independent existence which contains one or more unpaired electrons, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and nitrogen oxygen species (NOS) which is produced in endothelial cells, neuronal cells, fibroblasts, platelets, macrophages and neutrophils by nitric oxide synthetase, which plays a role in important biological and pathological processes. Nitric oxide, whose release is induced by cytokines and endotoxins, is produced in excessive amounts in acute, chronic inflammatory as well as infectious conditions.Obesity is defined as a BMI at or above the 95th percentile for children and teens of the same age and sex. Obesity-associated OS is probably due to the presence of excessive adipose tissue itself, because adipocytes and preadipocytes have been identified as a source of proinflammatory cytokines, thus, obesity is considered a state of chronic inflammation. It was found that obese children are more likely to develop atopic diseases such as atopic dermatitis and asthma