الفهرس 
Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS)Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background:
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is one of the major important
disease in neonatal ICU and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in
preterm infants. RDS is an acute disease usually of preterm infants,
presenting within 4–6 h of life, and is characterized by a tachypnea,
respiratory distress with retraction, grunting and cyanosis. On chest x-ray
there is a typical presence of reticulogranular mottling with air
bronchograms, also in severe cases the lung fields may be entirely opaque
due to fluid retention in the airspaces and alveolar atelectasis. Around 2–
3% of infants present with respiratory distress shortly after birth; 50% of
the neonates born between 26–28 weeks of gestation present with RDS,
whereas less than 20–30% of preterm infants at 30–31 weeks have the
disease.
The main etiology of RDS is surfactant deficiency however there are
several other physiopathologic and histopathologic findings regarding the
lungs of these infants. In microcirculation and alveolar spaces of preterm
neonates with severe RDS, fibrin deposits was found. It can be explained
by the stimulation of the coagulation system or inadequate fibrinolysis.
Platelets play a role in fibrin formation and deposition. It’s also known
that platelet counts of newborns with RDS are less than in those without
RDS. However there are no sufficient evidence on mean platelet volume
(MPV) in preterm neonates with RDS.
Objective:
The aim of the present study was to compare MPV in preterm
infants with and without RDS.
Methodology:
This is a cross sectional case control study that enrolled 50 preterm
neonates delivered in Menoufia university hospitals and carried out in
NICU, Menoufia University Hospitals to evaluate mean platelet volume
as a prognostic factor in neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. Patients
were categorized into 2 groups based on their clinical presentation. The
first group (RDS group) included 25 preterm neonates with signs and
symptoms suggestive of RDS. The second group (Control group)
consisted of 25 healthy preterm neonates. All patients were subjected to
maternal history taking, full clinical examination, as well as laboratory
investigations. The data was collected and analyzed as follows.