الفهرس 
Self-awareness among nursing students dealing with psychiatric patient:Only 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Self-awareness is an active process of learning about the components of the self. The initial step to growing caring is self-awareness, which is defined as being aware of one’s presence of mental capacity. Self-awareness also helps one’s ability to restore mental stability. A better understanding of the self can enhance one’s growth and enables the nurse to establish a caring relationship with patients in an honest, genuine, and respectful manner. The genuineness that is necessary for the therapeutic nurse patient relationship is connected to one’s inner core self.
Student nurses beginning their clinical experience in psychiatric–mental health nursing usually find the discipline to be very different from any previous experience. As a result, they often have a variety of concerns; these concerns are normal and usually do not persist once the students have initial contacts with clients.
The aim of the study:
The current study aimed to assess self-awareness among nursing students dealing with psychiatric patients through answering the following questions:
1. What are the levels of self-awareness and self-esteem among secondary nursing students dealing with psychiatric patients?
2. Is there a relation between self-awareness level and self-esteem level among secondary nursing students dealing with psychiatric patients?
Subjects and methods:
Research design:
Descriptive exploratory research design was used to carry out this study.
Setting:
This study was conducted at Abbassia psychiatric hospital which contains two secondary nursing schools, one for males and another for female (both of them affiliated to Abbassia psychiatric hospital).
Subjects:
Subjects of this study included 100 students at third year who meet the inclusion criteria as the following:
Age: 17-19 years old, sex: both sexes (males & females), grading: third year students in the Academic year (2017-2018), and agree to participate in the study.
Tools of data collection:
- Socio-demographic interviewing questionnaire (Appendix I): it was designed by the researcher to collect data about students’ socio-demographic characteristics (age, sex, parents’ educational levels, number of brothers and sisters, etc...)
- Self-awareness inventory scale done by (Cooper, 1967) (Appendix II): the pre-designed tool aimed to measure self-awareness.
- The pre-designed tool aimed to measure self-awareness. It contains 25 items questionnaire sheet and it was translated into Arabic by (Mousa, Abdel Fattah, 1981). Self-awareness inventory scale contains four sub-metrics.
Sub-scales Statement numbers Raw grades
Public self 1ـ 3 ـ4 ـ7 ـ 10 ـ 12 ـ 13 ـ 15 ـ 18 ـ 19 ـ 24 ـ 25 (12 items)
Social self 5ـ 8 ـ 14 ـ 21 (4 items)
Parents and home 6ـ 9 ـ 11 ـ 16 ـ 20 ـ 22 (6 items)
Training area 2ـ 7 ـ 23 (3 items)
- Scoring system:
Self- awareness scale was rated on; “agree” with (score = 1), “disagree” with (score = 0). The items were respectively scored from 0 to 80. Score (< 40) indicates low level of self-awareness, score ranged (40- 60) indicates medium level of self-awareness and score (60 >80) indicates high level of self-awareness. The total scores of the scale were obtained by combining the number of correct items and multiplying the total score of the raw grades in number 4. The scores were converted in to present scores and means and standard deviations were computed. The self -esteem was considered low if the score was ≤ 50 %, self-esteem was considered moderate if score was (>50 % - 75%) and if score was more than 75% considered high self-esteem.
Rosenberg self-esteem scale (Appendix III): it was adopted by (Rosenberg, 1965), it consists of 10 statement and it was translated into Arabic by (Ahmed, 2011).
Scoring system:
The questionnaire items responses were a three Likert scale; total score ranged from (0 - 40) and calculated as following: agree (score = 2), neutral (score = 1) and disagree (score = 0). Scores below 20 indicates low level of students’ self-esteem, score ranged from (20-30) indicates medium level of students’ self-esteem, and score (31- 40) indicates high level of self-esteem. The total scores of the scale were obtained by combining the number of correct items and multiplying the total score of the raw grades in number 4. The scores were converted in to present scores and means and standard deviations were computed. The self -esteem was considered low if the score was ≤ 50 %, self-esteem was considered moderate if score was (>50 % - 75%) and if score was more than 75% considered high self-esteem.
The present study revealed the following main results:
Secondary nursing students have low self-awareness level. Close to half of nursing students have medium self-esteem and low self-esteem respectively. There is a significant positive correlation between secondary nursing students nursing students’ self-awareness and their self-esteem.
Based on the results of the current study, it can be concluded that:-
The current study concluded that more than half of studied students have low self-awareness level. More than two thirds of nursing students have medium self-esteem and low self-esteem. There were statistically significant relation between studied samples’ monthly income and their public self-awareness. There were statistically significant relation between studied samples’ family members and their social level. There were statistically significant relation between sex, academic achievement, monthly income and studied samples’ training area level. There were statistically significant relations between studied samples’ sex, age, monthly income and their self-esteem level. There was a positive significant correlation between secondary nursing students’ self-awareness and their self-esteem. There was statistically significant relation between nursing methodology estimates and students´ s self-awareness.
In the light of the findings of this study, the following recommendation can be deduced:-
o There must be training courses for nursing students who deal with psychiatric patients to develop their self-awareness and how to use self as a therapeutic method in their relationship with patients
o The nursing curriculum should incorporate activities that help students in developing self-esteem and confidence which gave the students an opportunity to think more positively about themselves.
o Conduct workshops for nursing students periodically about self-awareness and the impact of this knowledge in social relations with people and their lives in general in order to make them gain work skills and improve their personalities.
o A further research is needed about self-awareness and its impact on improving the level of nursing performance.