الفهرس 
REVIEW OF LITERATUREOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Water scarcity is a problem that not only confronts Egypt or the Arab world, but it is facing the entire globe, and it should to find possible solutions through which the available water resources can be tapped using modern technological methods to achieve the best results from the water unit used.
Water management is of great importance in maximizing water use by increasing water efficiency as well as using management technology to increase control systems. So water management has been contemplated using a moisture sensor in a vertical system for the production of lettuce in the perlite substrate under Automatic Closed drip irrigation system this leads to:
• Increase the efficiency of water use.
• Increase productivity for the area unit.
The use of this system helps to provide food security with minimal water consumption.
The research aims to manage water by using modern technology in the production of vegetables and to obtain workable practical results. This development relies on the use of moisture sensors in a vertical closed irrigation system to reach the following objectives:
1. The effect of using soil moisture sensor on water consumption control for lettuce.
2. Increase the productivity of lettuce per area and using the vertical system and closed system to control the addition of the nutrient solution.
- The experiment was carried out at the Institute of Advanced Studies of Arid lands -Faculty of Agriculture- Ain Shams University from 13/10/2016 to 28/11/2016 to study the management of water in substrate culture for the production of lettuce in an automatic closed vertical system using a moisture sensor.
- The device is designed, programmed and connected to three moisture sensors and determines different water content ratios to reach the best water content ratio that achieves better productivity and less water consumption. The three transactions (60%, 80% and 100%) were water content ratios.
The following results were reached:
1) Water consumption.
• The value of water consumption under the water content ratio of 60% was 556.5 liters.
• The value of water consumption under 80% water content was 697.5 liters.
• The value of water consumption under 100% water content was 908.5 liters
2) Production
• Average production of lettuce under treatment (T1) 24.66 kg
• Average production of lettuce under treatment (T2) 26.40 kg
• Average production of lettuce under treatment (T3) 20.94 kg
3) Nutrient solution.
• Intake of nutritious solutions in treatment (T1) was about 11.13 litres
• Intake of nutritious solutions in the treatment (T2) was about 13.95 litres
• The amount of consumption of nutritious solutions in the treatment (T3) was about 18.17 litres
• The values for electrical conductivity range from 1.2 to 2 microsiemens/cm
• PH values range 6.4 to 7.6
4) Water Use efficiency
• System efficiency for water use 26 kg/M3
• Water use efficiency under treatment (T1) 31.50 kg/ M3
• Water use efficiency under treatment (T2) 26.76 kg/ M3
• Water use efficiency under treatment (T3) 21.5 kg/ M3
- Lettuce density in order 80 head lettuce/m²
- Total system production of 72 kg.
Conclusion:
The obtained data of the present study showed that in the statistical analysis, the effect of moisture content on growth indicators was significant. And the best results were obtained (T2) =80%, there was no significant difference between (T1) =60% and (T2) =80%and the result represented that (T1) =60% is the highest water use efficiency.
This technique of using high technology substrate culture in column Styrofoam pot system is saving water, isolate the plants from the high temperature, increasing productivity in area unit is very active way especially when using (T1) as moisture content is 60%for planting red lettuce.
Recommendation:
- It is recommended to grow lettuce in the perlite substrate at 60% moisture content and preferably grow red lettuce where he gave the best results in this system.
- Using the method of estimating the water content in the plant substrate to value the water requirement in the soilless vertical Styrofoam farming system, by using the technological development as the soil moisture sensor.