الفهرس 
End Stage Renal DiseaseOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Patients with ESRD, including those on HD, have a high risk for cardiovascular and atherosclerotic diseases. As traditional risk factors cannot alone explain the unacceptable high prevalence and incidence of CVD in this population, inflammation and other non-traditional risk factors may contribute.
The aim of the current study was to investigate association between peripheral CD4+CD28null T cells population and early atherosclerotic damage in ESRD patients on HD.
The CRP was significantly higher in ESRD patients with atherosclerotic changes compared to the other two studied groups. Qualitative laboratory assays in the three studied groups reveals that patients with both positive CMV IgG and CRP were significantly higher in the ESRD group with atherosclerotic changes compared to the other two studied groups.
CD4+CD28null T cells frequency was higher in ESRD patients than in healthy individuals. CD4+CD28null T cells were highly expanded with statistical significance in ESRD with atherosclerotic changes compared to ESRD without atherosclerotic changes and healthy individuals. CD4+CD28null T cells were highly expanded also with statistical significance in patients with ESRD without atherosclerotic changes compared to healthy individuals. CD4+CD28null T cell frequency was significantly higher in patients with atherosclerotic changes.
A highly significant positive correlation was found between CD4+CD28nullT cells frequency and both CRP and CIMT. A highly significant positive correlation was found between CIMT and CRP.
There was a significant positive correlation between atherosclerosis in ESRD patients , CRP and CD4+CD28null T cells frequency .
The current study showed that not only CD4+CD28null T cells were highly expanded in ESRD patients, but that this expansion was associated with preclinical atherosclerosis.