الفهرس 
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Abstract
Cesarean section is the commonest obstetric operative procedure worldwide. The incidence of cesarean section is continuously rising giving women frequently an obstetric status of “Previous Cesarean Section”. However this makes future obstetric performances and future abdominal explorations risky.
Non-placement of an indwelling urinary catheter is associated with a reduced incidence of Urinary Tract Infections, less discomfort at first voiding, early ambulation, shorter hospital stays and reduced cost of health care delivery services. In cases where indwelling catheterization is required, aseptic catheter insertion technique, closed drainage maintenance, avoidance of prolonged catheterization and proper catheter care can decrease the risk of acquiring UTI.
The aim of this study to determine the necessity and safety of urethral catheterization in repeated versus primary cesarean section as it is not addressed clearly in previous literature.
The patients in this study were divided into two equal group each group included one hundred patient and each group was divided into catheterized and non- catheterized group.
Procedure:
Patients were randomly chosen, Cesarean section will be done under spinal anesthesia, Operative procedure will be performed by conventional manner, the time of onset of surgery will be designated, the duration of surgery will be defined as interval between the onset of surgery till the completion of skin closure, In all caesareans section no closure of visceral peritoneal, Preoperative complete voiding of the bladder.
Laboratory investigation:
Urine of all patients will sampled at 24hours post- surgery and subjected to culture, sensitivity and CBC analysis.
Results of the current study could be summarized as follow:
In first group there were highly significant differences between Primi without catheter and Primi with catheter as regard Ur culture sensitivity, S symptoms of UTI, first ambulation, Time of.1st voiding. and 1st Voiding discomfort. But there was no significant difference between them as regard PPH, Gestational age and Time of Surgery.
In second group there were highly significant differences between repeated without catheter and repeated with catheter as regard Ur culture sensitivity, S symptoms of UTI and 1st Voiding discomfort first ambulation, Time of. 1st voiding. But there was no significant difference between them as regard urine retention, PPH, age, Gestational age, Time of Surgery.
Routine placement of indwelling urinary catheters for caesarean delivery in hemodynamically stable patients is not necessary and can be harmful. Moreover the women needing catheterization should be selectively chosen. Thus it should be “Selective Catheterization” rather than “Catheterization for All”.