الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
 |  | from | 118 |  |  |
| | | from | 118 | | |
Abstract
Mandibular retrusion in children as a part of skeletal class II malocclusion is considered one of the most demanding malocclusions to diagnose, treat and maintain.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the twin block appliance on the TMJ.
A sample of 10 female patients with an age range of 10 – 13 years were selected for this study. The patients were treated using a twin block appliance and were evaluated using MRI.
The treatment effects were evaluated radigraphically using MRI. MRI was taken before starting the treatment and another MRI was taken after an observation period of 8 months.
The collected data were then statistically analyzed for the changes and comparing the difference between before and after the treatment.
from the results of this study, it could be concluded that:
There were no significant difference between the right and left TMJ either before or after the treatment concerning the sagital concentricity or the eminence angle.
Significant difference was recorded concerning the sagital disc position between the right and left TMJ either before or after the treatment.
The sagital concentricity showed that the condyle moved insignificantly to a more anterior position after using the twin block appliance.
The sagital disc position moved insignificantly to a more posterior position to its pre-treatment position.
There was insignificant changes related to the chages in the eminence angle.
The twin block functional appliance can be used for the treatment of skeletal class II with mandibular deficiency with no significant TMD risk.