الفهرس | Only 14 pages are availabe for public view |
Abstract Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most potent naturally occurring hepatic carcinogens to both human and animals. The present study aimed to assess the effect of encapsulated mycotoxin binders (detoxifying agents) inside yeast cell walls (YCW) to detoxify AFB1 in vitro using the gastrointestinal models. As yeast cell walls have been previously reported to bind AFB1. The eight different yeast cell wall-based materials were tested in vitro for AFB1 binding. The results showed that Glucan Mannan Lipid Particles (GMLPs) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell walls recorded the highest AFB1 adsorption 0.2 μg AFB1/mg GMLP in simulated gastric fluid (SGF) after 10 min, and 0.17 μg AFB1/mg GMLP in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) after 1h. GMLPs are hollow 3-4 micron porous microspheres that provide an efficient system for the synthesis and encapsulation of AFB1-absorbing nanoparticles (NPs). Humic acid nanoparticles (HA-NPs) were synthesized within the GMLP cavity by complexation with ferric chloride. The hybrid (GMLP/HA-Fe NPs) synergistically enhanced AFB1 binding compared to un encapsulated HA NPs and other AFB1 absorbing materials. As a result, the hybrid GMLP HA-NP formulation synergistically enhanced AFB1 binding 1.6– 6.5 fold compared to individual GMLP and HA components in SGF and higher than 9 fold in SIF. Cellular cytotoxicity studies demonstrated that GMLP HA-NP-AFB1 complexes were stable in both SGF and SIF and have the ability to detoxify AFB1 119-57 fold. The current data of in vivo studies cleared that AFB1 at 80 mg/ kg b.wt is multiorgans toxicants due to its adverse effects on liver and kidney. The formulation (GMLP/HA Fe NPs) at level 0.5 mg/kg b.wt was effective in partially reversing mycotoxicosis and alleviating losses in relation to the negative control. Key Words Yeast cell wall (YCW), aflatoxin b1 (AFB1), glucan mannan lipid particle (GMLP), nanoparticles (NPs), microencapsulation, mycotoxin binders (MB), humic acid (HA), in vitro gastrointestinal models, stability, cytotoxicity and in vivo studies. Name: Zeinab Khaled Saad Hamza Thesis Title: Control of mycotoxin using nanopolymers prepared from natural sources. Research Place: 1. University of Massachusetts Medical School, Program in molecular medicine Department, USA. 2. National Research Center, Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, Egypt. |