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Abstract Acute rheumatic fever (ARF) is a delayed, autoimmune inflammatory sequel of pharyngitis secondary to group A Streptococcus infection. The onset of ARF usually occurs approximately two to three weeks following the initial pharyngitis. Although rheumatic fever becomes rare in developed countries. It remains a major health problem in developing countries. Etiology of rheumatic fever depends on triad of causative organism, the host with genetic suitability and the conducting environment. Diagnosis of rheumatic fever depends mainly on Jones criteria that have been updated and revised by American Heart Association and World Health Organization. Clinical features of rheumatic fever were divided into major criteria and minor criteria. |