الفهرس 
I- Introduction&Aim of the workOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Diabetes has become the primary cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus continues to grow all over the world.
Genetic polymorphisms contribute to progression of DM and its complications.
Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene is one of the most studied gene to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy including micro- and macro-albuminuria and progression from micro- to macro-albuminuria.
Another common polymorphism found in diabetic nephropathy is the AGT M268T (rs699) gene polymorphism. Polymorphisms in the promoter region of AGT are of significance because they may influence the strength of the AGT promoter and consequently, the levels of AGT and Ang II.
Because of the importance and the role of ACE and AGT gene variants in various cellular mechanisms, this study is carried out to evaluate genetic variants of ACE (Insertion/Deletion) and AGT(M268T) genes in patients with diabetes mellitus and susceptibility to develop diabetic nephropathy.
This study was carried out on 150 subjects divided into three groups: 50 diabetic patients with diabetic nephropathy, 50 diabetic patients without diabetic nephropathy and 50 age and gender matched healthy controls.
Measurements of fasting and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipid profile [high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), serum triglycerides, serum cholesterol], serum urea and creatinine, glomerular filtration rate (GFR), genotyping of the I/D polymorphism of ACE gene by polymerase chain reaction
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