الفهرس 
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Abstract
Human Immunodeficiency Virus infection and AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) are an increasing public health problem throughout the world. AIDS is no longer only a medical problem. The disease has wide social, economic, and moral implications.
Students of medical and paramedical schools have an important role in national strategies for HIV/AIDS prevention. Today‘s students are the future physicians and health care providers of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). It is therefore essential that medical and paramedical students possess the appropriate knowledge, belief and attitudes regarding HIV/AIDS, and how to deal with PLWA without fear.
The objective of the present study was to assess the level of knowledge and belief of the students regarding HIV/AIDS and to determine their attitudes towards cases having HIV/AIDS (PLWA), at the faculties of health specialties in Hodeida University, Republic of Yemen, and to determine factors that are affecting the level of students‘ knowledge, belief and attitude towards PLWA. The study was conducted in Hodeida University based on 249 students‘ of the final year enrollment of the faculties of health specialties for the academic year 2016. - The study revealed the following main results:The number of students who participated in the study was 249 students as follows: Medicine students were 20.5%, dentistry students were 28.1%, medical laboratories students were 30.1%, then nursing students (21.3%).
(53.2 %) of the sample were male, (46.8 %) were female. The age ranged between 20 to 33 years with a mean (23.5 ±2.1). The majority of students (82.4%) were singles, while 17.6% of the students were married.
Most of the students had lived in Hodeida, 48.8% of them with their families and 10.1% with other students; only 10.1 of the students had lived outside Hodeida.
Regarding students‘ father education, 38.9 % of students‘ fathers were illiterate or read and write. 28.3 % of fathers were intermediate level of education, 32.8 of fathers where university or above level.The majority of students (53.8 %) their families income/day was 1000RY-4000RY whereas 18.9 % of students’ families had more than 4000 RY, while 27.3 % of students’ families, their income/day was less than 1000.
The major sources of information about HIV/AIDS among students (46.2%) were a TV, (19.8%) teachers, (10.5) books, (1.2%) friends, whereas 0.4% reported newspapers.The study revealed that the overall knowledge scores between the faculties, the medicine students have the best score (73.14) followed by the medical laboratories (70.93) and the dentistry students (69.14), the nursing have the less score which was 62.44. The mean of overall total knowledge of the respondents was 68.23 ±11.87 and the median was 69.66, the difference in the knowledge between the students among faculties was significant (p<0.001).
Gender, male participants had a higher knowledge score (71.71) than females, which was (66.81), different male and female title (p= 0.001).
Residence, the better score related students‘ knowledge related to HIV/AIDS, showed that, a higher scores were found among those students who lived in Hodeida, the students who lived with their families was 70.34 and 70.41 who lived with other students, students were living outside Hodeida have 62.44, there is a significant difference between the residence and the knowledge score equal 0.045.
The medicine students had the highest positive attitude score (61.76), followed by medical laboratories students (58.82), the dentistry and nursing students‘ had the least attitude score (50). The difference that was noticed between the faculties had highly significant (p = <0.001).
Place of birth, students who were born in urban had more attitude score (56.58) than individuals who were born in rural (52.63), the difference between the place of birth of the students was significant (p=0.043).
Residence, the highest score (55.26) was found among those students who lived with their families in Hodeida but the students who lived with other students at a private residence in Hodeida or those who lived with their families outside Hodeida, had scored (50) and (52.63), respectively this difference was significant (p= 0.022).
The total level beliefs score of the students, noticed that medicine and medical laboratory students had the same beliefs score (60.00), while dentistry students was found 50, the least beliefs score was the nursing students it was (41.66), there was highly statistically significant between students among the faculties (p=<0.001).The study revealed that, students who were born in urban had more attitude score (58.33) than the ones who were born in rural (41.66) so, there was a highly statistically significant relation between the place of birth and the belief scores with a p value equal 0.001.
- We come to conclude that:
1. In Yemen, the role of media, faculties, school, and public health workers providing knowledge about HIV and AIDS protection still limited.
2. The majority of the students have negative attitudes towards patients living with AIDS.3. The majority of the students have wrong and inappropriate belief about HIV/AIDS.
- We recommended by following:
1. Expanding the curriculum to give the students extensive and comprehensive information about the disease. Mode of transmission and how to protect themselves from catching the disease.2. Medical and paramedical faculties need to inculcate positive attitude among students towards HIV/AIDS patients to prevent discrimination, stigmatization and improve patient care.
3. Greater emphasis should be given to the exposure of medical and paramedical students to clinical care of HIV patients as part of the curriculum.
4. Effective coordination of Hodeida University with the National AIDS Program in Hodeida Governorate.
5. Maximize the role of the media to improve the awareness, belief and attitude of citizens towards the disease.
6. Raising awareness among students about the dangers of khat, not only with regard to health risks, but also impairs their judgment in making the right decision.