الفهرس 
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Abstract
The study was carried out in Abu Simble quarantine. This area is characterized by intensified air temperature, intensified sun radiation, long sun shine duration, low relative humidity and high wind speed in summer, while in winter and spring it is relatively thermoneutral. Rainfall is almost negligible in all seasons.A total of 60 male camels their age ranged from 4 - 7 years (mean 5.2 ± 0.33) and weight of 300 – 400 Kg were used as a material for this study. These camels transported from Dongola quarantine in Sudan to Argeen area (at the borders between Egypt and Sudan) by trucks with a distance of about 450 km (10-12 hours). Then, the camels are moved by walking on foot from Argeen border to Abu Simble quarantine in Egypt with a distance of about 170 Km (2-3 days). The selected camels were classified according to time of investigations and blood sampling into three classes: April (Spring - Thermoneutral; Control; N=10), January (winter; Cold zone; N=26) and August (Summer; Hot dry zone; N=24).Blood samples were taken from each camel by jugular vein puncture in two tubes. The first tube contained Na-EDTA used for determination of the hematological parameters. The second tube was without anticoagulant to obtain serum for biochemical analysis. The results showed that that rectal temperature was significantly lower (P 0.05) in winter and higher in summer when compared with the control value. Hemoglobin concentration was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) in summer when compared with the control and winter values. RBCs count was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) in summer when compared with the control and winter values.TLC count and plateletscount did not differ significantly (P ˂ 0.05) between the three zones. Neutrophils (%) was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) in summer when compared with the control and winter values. Lymphocytes (%)was significantly lower (P ˂ 0.05) in summer when compared with the control and winter values.Monocytes and eosinophils (%) did not differ significantly (P ˂ 0.05) between the three zones. Neutrophils / Lymphocytes (N/L) ratio was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) in summer when compared with the control and winter values. Lactate dehydrogenase levels was significantly high (P ˂ 0.05) in winter and the highest value was recorded in summer when compared with the control values. Total protein levels was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) in winter and the highest value was recorded in summer when compared with the control and winter values. Cortisol levels was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) in winter and in summer when compared with the control values.Na concentration was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) in winter, when compared with the control and the highest value (P ˂ 0.05) was recorded in summer when compared with the control and winter values. K levels was significantly lower (P ˂ 0.05) in summer when compared with the control and winter values. Cl levels was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) in winter and in summer when compared with the control values. The difference between winter and summer was not significant.Malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) in winter and the highest value was recorded in summer when compared with the control and winter values. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels was significantly higher (P ˂ 0.05) in winter and in summer when compared with the control values. The difference between winter and summer was not significant. MDA was positively correlated (P 0.05) with both TAC and cortisol.