الفهرس 
Chapter 1: Basal-cell carcinomaOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Non melanoma skin cancers refer to all types of cancers that occur in skin that are not melanoma, in which BCC and SCC are the commonest.
Large-neutral Amino Acid Transporter 1 (LAT-1) is a sodium-independent exchanger which mediates transport of large-neutral amino acid and found in the brain, testis, and placenta.
Ki-67 antigen is a high molecular weight non-histone protein and the most reliable marker of proliferating cells. It is expressed in G1, S, G2, and M phases of the cell cycle. The proliferation index determined by Ki-67 immunostaining has a prognostic value in certain types of cancers. The expression of proliferation marker, Ki67, is also increased in sun-damaged skin.
The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the immunohistochemical expression of LAT1 and Ki-67 in the tissues of non melanoma skin tumors from BCC and SCC patients and normal cutaneous ones from controls. In addition, our aim was extended to correlate these expressions with each others and with the clinicopathological parameters in those patients.
This study was carried out on 32 patients. They were 16 cases having BCC (group I) and 16 cases having SCC (group II). In addition, 10 apparently healthy subjects were included as controls (group III). Cases of BCC and SCC were selected from Dermatology Outpatient Clinic at Menoufia University Hospital during the period from September 2015 to September 2016. Control subjects were selected from those attending Plastic Surgery Outpatient Clinic. All subjects on the study singed a written consent form, approved by The
Committee of Human Rights in Research in Menoufia University before study initiation. They were subjected to detailed history taking and dermatological examination. Biopsies were taken from all cases and control subjects. Routine histopathological examination with H&E stain was done as well as immunohistochemical staining to evaluate the expression of Ki-67 and LAT1 by using Rabbit polyclonal antibodies.
The result of the current study showed that:
Compared to controls, BCC overlying epidermis had LAT1 expression of non-significant differences regarding all studied parameters (P> 0.05 for all), except for its cellular location that was mainly cytoplasmic in BCC sections (11, 91.7%) with no pure nuclear activity (P=0.017). However, BCC tumor islands versus normal epidermis showed significant increase in their percentage mean value (P=0.0184) and intensity which was moderate to strong in BCC cases (85.7%) and mild to moderate in all control sections (100%) (P=0.048).
LAT1 expression showed significant higher (P> 0.049) positivity in control (100%) than SCC epidermis (68.8%). While SCC tumor islands vs control epidermis revealed significantly higher percentage (p=0.0049), intensity (p=0.036) and H score (p=0.013) that was mainly cytoplasmic (p=0.017).
Comparing Ki-67 expression in BCC cases vs normal skin, the overlying epidermis showed non significant differences regarding all studied parameters except for its percentage (P=0.020). However, BCC tumor islands versus control epidermis showed significantly higher Ki-67 expression percentage (P=0.003) and H score (P=0.010) mean values.