الفهرس 
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Abstract
Introduction: Hirschsprung disease is a congenital developmental disorder of the enteric nervous system. It is characterized by absence of submucosal and myenteric ganglion cells along a variable length of the intestinal wall. It is the commonest cause of neonatal intestinal obstruction, commonly affecting males. The aim of work: This study aimed to evaluate calretinin immunoreactivity for ganglion cells (mature and immature cells). Also to assess its value in the diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease Research Plan: This cross sectional study with comparative component was done by collecting rectal suction biopsies taken from 122 child presenting with constipation in Pediatric Mansoura University Hospital and referred to Pathology Lap during the period from 2014 to 2017. The biopsies were examined by H&E staining. Paraffin blocks of all cases were resectioned and stained for calretinin Results: this study revealed that the association between disease status and immunohistochemical staining was highly statistically significant. So calretinin immunostaining may be considered a useful adjunctive method in the diagnosis of Hirschsprung disease. Conclusion: Calretinin IHC is considered an accurate, valuable, sensitive marker for de-tecting mature and immature ganglion cells. Complete loss of calretinin immunostaining in the mucosa and submucosa is diagnostic of HD.