الفهرس 
Acknowledgements
Effect of host plants on the biology of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch under a constant temperatureيوجد فقط 14 صفحة متاحة للعرض العام
 |  | from | 280 |  |  |
| | | from | 280 | | |
المستخلص
The medicinal and aromatic plants are considered one of the most important untraditional agricultural commodities which can be used as a base for Egyptian national income development, where it obtained increasing demand inside and outside markets. Therefore, the present studies were carried out on 5 medicinal and aromatic crops at Assiut Governorate during two consecutive growing seasons of 2011/2012 and 2012/2013, at two different locations i.e., Shotb district (as clay lands, located at 5 Km to the south-west of Assiut city) and Abnoub district (as reclaimed lands, located at 25 Km to the north-east of Assiut city). These selected plants were coriander; Coriandrum sativum L. (Shotb and Abnoub locations), dill; Anethum graveolens L. (Shotb), cumin; Cuminum cyminum L., marjoram; Origanum majorana L. and henna; Lawsonia inermis L. (Abnoub). The main objectives were to survey the insect pests, predators, parasitoids, visitors and pollinators associated with these plants and evaluation of the population growth of the common sucking pests in relation to some abiotic and biotic factors. In addition, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of certain host plants on the biology and some physiological parameters of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch. The obtained results could be summarized as follows:
1. Ecological studies
1.1. Survey of arthropods associated with certain medicinal and aromatic plants:
The present results on five medicinal crops revealed that, marjoram plants harbored the highest numbers of species (66 species), followed by henna (63 species), coriander (Shotb location) (56 species), and dill plants (54 species). On the other hand, coriander (Abnoub location) (43 species) and cumin (37 species) were the least plants harbored by the arthropod species. True spiders were recorded on all tested plants by the unidentified complex of species. order Hymenoptera were observed with the highest number of species (10-18). This was followed by Dipteran insects on coriander (Shotb location and Abnoub location were 9 and 7 species, respectively) and dill (8 species). However, it was followed by order Hemiptera on cumin (7 species), marjoram (11 species) and henna (11species). While, Orders, Coleoptera, Homoptera, Lepidoptera and Orthoptera were observed by a moderately species and ranged from 1 to 8 species. Meanwhile, Neuroptera, Odonata, Thysanoptera and Mantodea were recorded in a scarcely species (1-2 species) in all tested plants.
The main common pests infesting these crops were Aphids, Aphis craccivora Koch, Aphis gossypii Glover, Myzus persicae Sulzer and Rhopalosiphum maidis F.; leafhoppers, leafhoppers, Empoasca decipiens Paoli. and Empoasca lypica Deber.; leaf bugs, Campylomma spp., Nysius graminicola Kolnati and Oxycarenus hyalinipennis Costa, Spilostethus pandurus Scop. and Taylorilygus pallidulus Blanchard and onion thrips, Thrips tabaci L. While, the common collected predators were: Coccinella undecimpunctata L., Hippodamia convergens Guérin-Méneville, Syrphus corollae Fabr., Orius spp. and chrysoperla carnea Steph. Also, the recorded aphid primary parasitoid species (Fam: Aphidiidae) were: Aphidius colemani Viereck, Diaeretiella rapae (M’Intosh), Ephedrus plagiator (Nees) and Praon necans Mackauer. On the other hand, the recorded hyperparasitoid species were: Alloxysta sp., Dendrocerus sp. and Chalcidus sp.
Based on the obtained results, the destructive species of arthropods were higher than the beneficial ones (50.77 and 49.23 %, respectively), using direct count and sweep-net techniques.