الفهرس 
INRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A total number of 310 apparently healthy alive grass carp, (Ctenopharyngodon idella) with an average body (55.82±5.42 g) were obtained from fish farm at Dumyat, Egypt for determination of 96 hrs LC50 of Ictacrune and Roundup and the subchronic toxicity of both pesticides and their effects on hematological, biochemical, immunological parameters and histological structures of the fish.
A total number of 130 grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) with an average body (55.82± 5.42 g) were divided into 13 groups (10 fish/group).The fish were observed at 12 hrs interval up to 96 hrs. The dead fish was removed immediately upon discovery. The mortalities were recorded and the LC50 was calculated.
A total number of 90 C. idella with average body weight 55.82±5.42 g were divided into 3 groups. Each group has 3 replicates (10 fishes / replicat). Ictacrune was prepared to produce the required concentration (25% and 50% of 96 hrs LC50) in which 96 hrs LC50 of Ictacrune = 0.0072 mg/l. The previous methods were made with same number for Roundup in which 96 hrs LC50 = 468 mg/l.
In our study, C.idella exposed to Ictacrune swam around erratically and very rapidly, semi-circular swimming behavior, trying to jump out of the aquarium, increased opercular movement, aggressive behavior, rapid gulping of water and knocking the wall of the aquarium.
While, fish exposed to Roundup showed vertical position with head downwards, abnormal swimming, gulping of water, subsequent lethargy, loss of equilibrium, sinking to the bottom, excessive mucous secretion, fin rot and the skin color was shining.