الفهرس 
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Abstract
Summary
Obesity represents one of the major Public Health problems. Obese children had a shorter life expectancy by 20 years if they remain obese till young adulthood .North African Countries and the region of Middle East just like the other developing countries are not spared from the issue of the world .Genetics, metabolic, social, cultural and environmental factors interact as different cofactors for the development of obesity. The prevalence of obesity in Egyptian children ranged from 13.5 % up to 23.7%.
Globally, obesity is considered one of the leading risk factors contributing to morbidity and mortality. Childhood obesity is not only associated with a higher risk of morbidity and premature death in adults, but is also accompanied by many comorbid medical conditions during childhood.
Body mass index (BMI) is a measure used to determine childhood overweight and obesity. Overweight is defined as a BMI at or above the 85th percentile and below the 95th percentile for children and teens of the same age and sex. Obesity is defined as a BMI at or above the 95th percentile for children and teens of the same age and sex.
Cytokines are small proteins that are released by various cells in the body, usually in response to an activating stimulus. They induce responses through binding to specific receptors.
Many genetic polymorphisms that affect cytokine expression represent disease modifiers and influence the severity or progression of immune-mediated and chronic inflammatory diseases.
IL-6 (G174C) gene polymorphism is more common in children with obesity and seems to be associated with childhood obesity.
This study was conducted on 60 subjects were divided into 2 groups:
group Ӏ (obese group):
Included 30 obese children, with BMI >95th percentile for age ranging from 3-16 years from those attending the Pediatric Endocrinology clinic of Beni-Seuf University Hospital .
group 2 (control group):
Included 30 children with normal BMI, age and sex matched controls, with age ranging from 3-16 years.
All subjects were subjected to the following:
Laboratory investigations:
Biochemical tests: Serum glucose, Total cholesterol, Triglycerides, High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol, Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol and Hemoglobin level.
Genetic analysis: Genomic DNA extraction and analysis for IL-6 G174C SNPs using polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method.
Results of the current study revealed that:
In comparison the two groups (obese and controls) as regards IL-6 G174C genotypes frequencies and allele frequencies in the current study, there was statistically significant difference between both groups.