الفهرس 
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Abstract
My deep thanks to God who helped me and gives me the ability to complete this scientific research.
I would like to express my deepest and profound gratitude to Prof. Dr. Eng. Waheed Yosry Ali, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University for his guidance, encouragement, and endless support during my Ph.D. study. His talent as an outstanding Professor has contributed inestimably towards the success of this thesis.
My deepest gratitude and sincere appreciation goes to Prof. Dr. Eng. Mohamed Aly Omar Mousa, Professor of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University for his great help, precious continuous guidance, and kind encouragement during carrying out this thesis.
I would like to thank my friend Dentist. Osama Ahmed Abd Almoteleb, for his great helpful and support in my study.
Thanks are extended to all the staff members of prod. Eng.& Mech. Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, for making an under graduate study memorable and rich experiences. I am extremely thankful to all my friends at Production Engineering & Mechanical Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, for their kind support.
I like to express my deepest appreciation and gratitude to my mother for her support, encouragement and pray throughout the whole life and letting me pursue my dream.
I would like to take this opportunity to express my gratitude and special thanks to my wife, for her help, support, and bellyful my life with love and happiness.
I am immensely grateful to my daughters, (Youmna & Dareen), for their patience and bearing.
And finally, I like to express my deepest appreciation and gratitude to my brothers and my sister for their continuous encouragement, great help, and patience. And all those who have made the pursuit of knowledge an exciting experience.