الفهرس 
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Abstract
The retrospective study of 155 different cancer patients and their parents was done in El-Minya Oncology Center and Egyptian National Cancer Institute in the period from January 2014 to January 2016.Another healthy 100 age and sex matched children selected from schools were enrolled as control group. Patient`s age range was between (2 – 18) years old. The involved patients have different diagnosis of childhood cancer (e.g.: leukemia, lymphoma, brain tumors , wilms tumor, ect…). According to the treatment status the patients divided in to two groups ’In-treatment’ and ’Off-treatment’ status. Patients with unstable health condition, major developmental disorders or those refused to share, all were excluded from this study. Parents and their children were invited to complete the PedsQLTM 4.0 Generic Core Scales and the PedsQL TM 3.0 Cancer Module. Parents were asked to complete the PedsQL TM Family Impact Module.
The PedsQL generic core scale consists of 23 items and parallel child self-report and parent’s proxy report form for different age groups from 2-18 years. The module has four scales which are physical functioning, emotional functioning, social functioning and school performance. Items are reverse-scored and linearly transformed to a 0–100 scale (0 = 100, 1 = 75, 2 = 50, 3 = 25, 4 = 0), so that higher PedsQL 4.0 scores indicate better HRQOL.
The PedsQL 3.0 Cancer Module has eight domains and 27 items and encompasses both child self report and parent proxy report forms. It has 8 subscales including; pain and hurt, nausea, procedural anxiety, treatment anxiety, worry, cognitive problems, perceived physical appearance, and communication .
The Family Impact Module (FIM) is a 36-item standardized questionnaire that assesses parents’ self-reported HRQOL and family functioning as a result of their child’s health. The FIM consists of the following subscales: physical functioning, emotional functioning, social functioning, cognitive functioning, communication, worry, daily activities, and family relationships.
The study has shown that cancer patients have poorer QOL than healthy children. males showed lower school performance in the generic core scales and diminished cognition performance in cancer module compared to female patients, while females showed increase occurrence of procedure anxiety than males. By comparing child self report and parent proxy report parent results were low. There was significant positive correlation between child report and parent report in all parameters of generic core scales and most parameters of cancer module ( except nausea ). Regarding to patients age, in generic scales older age shown poorer QOL in emotions and school performance. While younger patients have poor physical activity. In cancer module older age have poor QOL in pain, nausea, worry, cognitive functions and physical appearance. While younger age suffering from treatment and procedure anxiety. Patients in treatment have more treatment and procedure anxiety also nausea but those off treatment have more pain. Treatment status had effect on parents QOL, in the form of poor QOL in social functioning, communication, daily activity and family relationship, were are more obvious in parents during treatment period.