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Abstract Background: Over the past several decades, the incidence of atopic diseases such as asthma, atopic dermatitis and food allergy has increased dramatically. Among children up to 4 years of age, the incidence of asthma has increased 160%, and the incidence of atopic dermatitis has increased twofold to threefold. Methods: this is a case control study conducted in Ain Shams hospital involving a total number of 70 atopic patient and 70 healthy controls were included in the study. The age of both groups was in the 3-9 year-old range. Serum Interleukin-33 were investigated. Result: serum IL33 was found to be significantly higher in children with Atopic diseases compared to healthy controls. IL-33 level in the atopic group and control group was (0.97 (0.82 – 2.60)) and (0.60 (0.56 – 0.64)) respectively, (p=0.0001) Conclusion: the present study emphasized that measurement of the serum level of Interleukin-33 (IL-33) in pediatric patient with atopic diseases like bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis and angioedema has a key role as a diagnostic and prognostic marker indicating the disease severity and potential therapeutic targets. |