الفهرس 
Pathogenesis of Essential HypertensionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Background: The demand of patients is to face the operation with calm, confidence and without nervousness. In modern anesthesia practice, for general anesthesia (GA), (Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation are done frequently) which is invariably associated with rise in heart rate (HR), arterial blood pressure (BP), and occasional disturbance of cardiac rhythm. These hemodynamic responses arise as a form of sympathoadrenal reflex. This adrenergic stress response is extremely harmful in patients with cardiac disorders, old age, hypertensive patients, and neurological disturbances.
Objective: The Primary outcome of the study was to compare the BP, HR changes during general anesthesia (GA) (Laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation) between oral clonidine and oral midazolam in hypertensive patients undergoing GA. Secondary outcome was to compare the preoperative sedation status, postoperative analgesia and possible adverse effects of these two drugs.
Subjects and Methods: A randomized study was undertaken in adult patients and informed consent was obtained for the same. A total of 50 patients were enrolled for the study who were scheduled for elective surgeries under general anesthesia like laparoscopic cholecystectomy and prostatectomy surgeries. The total duration of surgery was about one to two hours. Patients were randomly divided into two groups of 50 patients each. group C receive oral clonidine 200μg (two tablets of 100 μg each) with sip of water 30 minutes prior to surgery. group M receive oral midazolam 15mg (two tablets of 7.5mg each) with sip of water 30 minutes prior to surgery.
Results: Finally, it can be asserted from this study that 2 agonist clonidine 2.9 mcg/kg oral is a better pre-anesthetic medication than prototype benzodiazepine, midazolam 0.22 mg/kg oral in regard to attenuation of symathoadrenal reflex. It can’t be used as an effective alternative to midazolam for pre-operative sedation and there is no clinically serious adverse event was observed in this study