الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present work was delineated to evaluate the possible effect of stem cells and their exosomes in treating Parkinson’s disease. For this purpose, fifty adult female rats were randomly allocated into five equal groups. Mesenchymal stem cells were isolated from human male umbilical cord blood and cultured into culture flask for 14 day then the cells were detached using trypsin EDTA, viable cells count was determined with trypan blue exclusion test and the cells were identified with flow cytometry. Umblical cord blood MSC exosomes isolated from culture media were identified by their diameter and morphology under transmission electron microscope and finally fluorescence stained by PKH26.
1- Physiological monitoring for body weight.
2- Behavioral assessment.
3- Dopamine level was estimated.
4- RT-PCR of tyrosine hydroxylase and α-Synculin genes.
5- RT-PCR of SRY gene.
6- Brain sections were examined under fluorescence microscope for detection of exosome homing in hcb-MSC-exosome treated group.
7- Histopathological examination of brain tissues was performed especially SNc area in all groups.
Our results are summarized as follow:
1- Isolation and identification of stem cells
2- Isolation and identification of exosome
3- Fluorescein microscope
4- Body weight (gm)
5- Body weight gain (gm)
6- Behavioral assessment
7- Dopamine level
8- Reverse transcriptase -PCR of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene
9- Reverse transcriptase -PCR of α- synculine (α- syn) gene
10- Reverse transcriptase -PCR of SRY gene
11- Macroscopic appearance
12- Histopathological finding
On a conclusive note, the current study sheds light on the inherited benefits of mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes on the behavioral patterns, decreased brain dopamine levels and reduced tyrosine hydroxylase and α-synculin genes expression seen in response to rotenone.
Undoubtly, the present findings highlight, the regenerative potential of these cells and their budding exosomes in therapy of Parkinson’s disease.