الفهرس 
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Abstract
The present study was designed to assess different salinity and pH concentrations induced changes in some haematological and biochemical parameters in one hundred and forty four of healthy Nile tilapia (Oreochromus niloticus) fishes captured from Manzala Lake (Egypt), they were acclimized and fed with commercial fish diet for one week before starting the experiment for another 2 weeks.
The fishes were divided to nine groups, 8 fishes in each. Each treatment was run in duplicates according to the following:-
1. Control group: left without any treatment.
2. Salinity (4 g/l) group: 4g NaCl\L.
3. Salinity (8 g/l) group: 8g NaCl\L.
4. Salinity (12 g/l) group: 12g NaCl\L.
Experiment extend under this condition for 14 days.
5. pH (5.8) group.
6. pH (6.4) group.
7. pH (7) group.
8. pH (7.4) group.
9. pH (7.8) group.
- Experiment extends under this condition for 11days.
The results of salinity treatments:-
A. Hematological parameters:-
1- The haematocrite percentage (HCT %) and haemoglobin (Hb) concentration were significantly higher in 4 g/l group than 8g/l and 12 g/l groups.
2- The erythrocytes count (RBCs) was significantly lower in 12g/l group than control group.
3- Thrombocytes count (TC) was significantly higher in 8g/l and 12g/l groups than control group; while it was significantly lower in 4 g/l group than 8g/l and 12g/l groups.
B. Biochemical Parameters:-
1- The superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly lower in salinity 4 g/l group than control group.
2- The catalase activity (CAT) was significantly higher in salinity 8 g/l group than 4g/l and 12g/l groups.
3- The plasma potassium was significantly higher in 4g/l, 8 g/l and 12 g/l groups more than control group.
4- The plasma total protein was significantly lower in salinity 8g/l and12 g/l groups than control group; while it was significantly lower in salinity12g/l group than salinity 4g/l group.
5- The plasma cortisol was significantly higher in salinity 8 g/l and 12 g/l groups than control group; while it was significantly higher in salinity12g/l group than salinity4g/l group.
I. The results of pH treatments:-
A. Hematological parameters:-
1- Haematocrite percentage (HCT) was significantly higher in pH 7.4 group than pH 7 group.
2- The mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was significantly lower in pH 5.8 and pH 6.4groups than control group.
3- The thrombocytes count (TC) was significantly higher in each treated groups than control group; while it was significantly higher in pH 7.4group than pH 5.8, pH 6.4, pH 7and pH7.8 groups.
B. Biochemical Parameters:-
1- The superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) was significantly lower in pH 5.8 than control, pH 6.4, pH 7 and pH 7.4 groups.
2- The catalase activity (CAT) was significantly lower in pH 5.8 and pH 6.4 groups than control group; while it was significantly higher in pH 7.4 group than pH 5.8, pH 6.4, pH 7 and pH 7.8 groups.
3- The plasma sodium was increased in pH 5.8 group compared to other groups.
4- The plasma potassium was significantly higher in pH 7 and pH7.8 groups than control group.
5- The plasma glucose was significantly higher in pH 7.8 group than pH 7 group.
6- The plasma total protein was significantly lower in pH 5.8, pH7 and pH7.8 groups than control group.
The cortisol level was significantly higher in pH 6.4 and pH 7.8 groups than pH 5.8, pH 7 and pH 7.4 groups.