الفهرس 
IntroductionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
A three dimensional finite element models were constructed .Each model was developed with a maxillary segment of bone block including an internal hexagon implant supporting a screw retained,single metal-ceramic crown .The edentulous part of posterior maxilla restored in one group with an un splinted implants supported full metal ceramic crown(PFM) on the upper second premolar and first molar .and the second group will be restored with splinted upper second premolar and first molar.The C/I ratios of the model were changed according to the CHS as 0.75:1,1:1,1.25:1and 1.4:1.there were increase of stresses at higher C/I ratios in vertical and oblique load and splinting the two crowns can not decrease these destructive forces.The maximum stresses were mainly at the buccal plate of bone at implant neck and the minimum stresses were at the apex of the implants.So, the buccal plate of bone at implant neck is the golden key in implantation process
This study gave an idea about the recorded maximum stresses and subsequent probability of resorption of bone sites with different C/I ratios so that the length of the implant determination is on response to the CHS.