الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis is a reversible cause of chronic kidney disease and is a progressive disease of renal arteries, particularly in patients with diabetes, HTN and manifestations of atherosclerosis elsewhere. Nevertheless many cases of atherosclerotic RAS are never detected because refractory HTN or renal failure does not develop early.
That is why the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of renal artery stenosis among patients with chronic renal insufficiency, and to detect the possible risk factors that may have role in development of ischemic renal disease.
We choosed duplex ultrasound to diagnose renal artery stenosis among these patients because it is cheap, non invasive method with sensitivity of 90% and specifity of 92%, combining the direct and indirect measurements to diagnose RAS.
This study included 100 patients admitted to nephrology department or referred to nephrology clinic of Alexandria university hospital for renal insufficiency with creatinine level > 2mg/dl but didn’t start dialysis yet, during the period from 2015 to 2017.
12(12%) of the patients had RAS, 9 of them were males, 3 were females, all of them aged 62 years or more and one patient aged 45 years. 10 patients(83%) had unilateral and 2 patients (16.5%) had bilateral RAS . Atherosclerosis was the etiology of RAS in 11 patients with one patient diagnosed as SLE, 7(58%) had DM, 7 (58%) had HTN, 4(33%) had resistant HTN, 10(83%) had IHD and 8(66.5%) had PAD.
We concluded that RAS should be suspected among patients with renal insufficiency, considering old age, DM, HTN, atherosclerosis elsewhere as risk factors for RAS, which may necessitate asking for duplex of renal arteries in patients with these criteria to exclude presence of RAS.