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Abstract osocomial infections are the most common complications encountered in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). They are associated with high mortality and prolonged duration of hospitalization in the survivors, contributing to an increased cost of health care. Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is considered as the most frequent ICU-acquired infection among patients receiving mechanical ventilation (MV). This kind of respiratory tract infection prolongs the duration of mechanical ventilation and prolong infant stay in NICU. Most antibacterial chemotherapy prescribed in an ICU are administered for respiratory tract infections. |