الفهرس 
TYPE 1 DIABETES M ELLITUSOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high plasma glucose caused by an impairment of insulin production, insulin action or both. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease caused by the immune mediated destruction of insulin –producing pancreatic beta cells. In recent years, the incidence of type 1 diabetes continues to increase.
The true prevalence of the disease is not known and most studies underestimate its prevalence.
An association between CD and type 1 DM has been recognized for more than 40 years. Both CD and DM type 1 have a common genetic basis for expression of both diseases.
The aim of the present work was to screen children with type 1 DM for the presence of celiac disease using serum tissue transglutaminase antibody IgA and IgG.
This case control study was carried out on 60 child previously diagnosed with type 1 DM (34 male, 26 female) attended to pediatric diabetes clinic, pediatric hospital, Ain Shams university from January 2017 to May 2017.
Another group of 30 age and sex matched healthy individuals (12 male, 18 female) were enrolled as controls. The mean age of patients was 10.6±4.28 years (range 1.2-17.0) while that of control was 9.43±2.98 year (range 5.2- 14.8)
All the included patients were subjected to: detailed medical history with stress on age of diabetes onset, glycemic control (reflected by HB A1c), daily insulin requirement, presence of gastrointestinal symptoms as abdominal distension, constipation or diarrhea.
Anthropometric measures including weight, height and BMI.
Laboratory investigations including: measurement of HB A1c, serum albumin level, micro-albumin in urine and tissue transglutaminase antibody (IgA and IgG).
In the current work Anti tissue transglutaminase IgA and IgG were significantly high among type 1 diabetic patients compared with the control group, it was observed 13 patients out of 60 had positive TTG Ab, while only1case out of 30 (control group) showed a positive TTG Ab.
Upon comparison of anthropometric data between patients and control groups, no significant difference was found as regards sex, height, weight and BMI.
In our study we found that microalbuminuria was more prevalent among the study group compared to the control group. where as serum albumin level did not differ significantly.
A significant correlation was found regarding the glycemic status (duration of diabetes, age of onset of diabetes and HB A1c) and the TTG Ab level. However no significant correlation found with the daily insulin requirements.
It was found that diabetic patients with positive-anti-TTG had significantly lower BMI and higher incidence of microalbuminuria compared to diabetic patients with negative anti-TTG. No significant differences were found between both subgroups regarding age and sex distribution.