الفهرس 
Structure of endothelium
Endothelial dysfunctionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a complex of metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose as a result of diminished insulin production, impaired insulin action, or a combination of both, hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress and alterations in coagulation and fibrinolysis leading to impaired endothelial function.
Menopause is defined as the permanent cessation of menstruation resulting from loss of ovarian-follicular activity, with a decrease in the levels of estrogens that affecting many tissues of the body. Estrogen deficiency causes endothelial dysfunction which mediated through increasing production of ROS, modification of lipid profile and reduced NO bioavailability which accounts for the impaired endothelium-dependent relaxations.
These abnormalities exert pathological impact on endothelial function by attenuating endothelium-mediated vasomotor function, enhanced generation of ROS and impaired fibrinolysis with consequent thrombus formation result in endothelial dysfunction.
Nutrition is recently used for providing a safe and natural alternative treatment for many health problems. It is an important modifiable factor in development and maintenance of the endothelium and thus prevents endothelial dysfunction.
Pleurotus Ostreatus is a novel edible mushroom with high nutitional and biomedical importance, since it contains hypocholesterolaemic agent, crude polysaccharide, various biologically active phenolic compounds and is rich in vitamins A, C and β-carotene and selenium. So P. ostreatus inhibits platelet aggregation, reduces blood cholesterol concentrations, prevents heart disease, reduces blood glucose levels and increase antioxidant. Also it contains Phytoestrogen that exert potent estrogen-like effects. So Pleurotus Ostreatus as a prophylactic measure to improve endothelial dysfunction.
This work aimed to study the efficacy of Pleurotus Ostreatus in improving biochemical marker of endothelial dysfunction in ovariectomized- diabetic rats.
The study was performed on 70 female sprague-dawley rats divided into 7 groups:
group (I): Healthy rats served as control group.
group (II): Healthy rats received orally 100 mg/kg body weight mushroom.
group (III): Healthy rats received orally 200 mg/kg body weight mushroom group (IV): Sham group.
group (V): Ovariectomized - diabetic rats.
group (VI): Treated ovariectomized - diabetic rats received orally 100 mg/kg body weight mushroom.
group (VII): Treated ovariectomized - diabetic rats received orally 200 mg/kg body weight mushroom.
Fourty female rats underwent either sham-surgery or bilateral ovariectomy. Experimental diabetes was induced by single subcutaneous injection of 50mg/kg body weight streptozotocin. After six weeks blood samples were collected for assessment of FBS, serum insulin, serum TC, TAG, HDL-C, LDL-C and PON1, plasma estrogen and plasma ADMA and aorta tissue samples were harvested to determine NOx and t-PA.
The results of this study showed that:
The mean concentration of FBS in both treated Ovx - diabetic groups was found to be significantly low and serum insulin was significant high compared to the Ovx - diabetic group. The result showed that mean FBS of treated Ovx - diabetic group received orally 200 mg/kg was significantly decreased and serum insulin was significantly increased compared to of treated Ovx - diabetic group received orally 100mg/kg.The recorded values of plasma estrogen were significantly high in both treated Ovx - diabetic groups compared Ovx-diabetic group. On the other hand the mean of plasma estrogen was no significantly in treated Ovx - diabetic group received orally 200 mg/kg compared to treated Ovx - diabetic group received orally 100mg/kg.
The results of the present study revealed that levels of serum cholesterol, serum TAG and serum LDL-C was significantly decreased and serum HDL-C was significantly increased in treated Ovx - diabetic groups compared to Ovx-diabetic group.
The mean concentration of serum TAG, serum LDL-C was significantly low, serum HDL-C was significantly high and serum cholesterol was non significantly difference in treated Ovx - diabetic group received orally 200 mg/kg compared to treated Ovx - diabetic group received orally 100mg/kg
Our findings showed that mean concentration of tissue NOX and serum PON1 was significantly high in both treated Ovx - diabetic groups compared Ovx-diabetic group. The mean concentration of tissue NOX and serum PON1 was significantly increased in treated Ovx - diabetic group received orally 200 mg/kg compared to treated Ovx - diabetic group received orally 100mg/kg.recorded values of plasma ADMA were significantly low in both treated Ovx - diabetic groups compared Ovx-diabetic group. There was non-significant difference in concentration of plasma ADMA between treated Ovx - diabetic group received orally 200 mg/kg and treated Ovx - diabetic group received orally 100mg/kg.
The results showed that mean concentration of tissue (t-PA) was significantly increased in both treated Ovx - diabetic groups compared Ovx-diabetic group. Mean concentration of tissue (t-PA) was significantly high in treated Ovx - diabetic group received orally 200 mg/kg compared to treated Ovx - diabetic group received orally 100mg/kg.
The correlation between plasma glucose level and plasma ADMA resulted in a significant positive and high significant negative correlation between plasma glucose level and serum insulin, tissue NOx, serum PON1 and tissue t-PA.
Observed that there were positive correlations between plasma estrogen and tissue NOx, serum PON1and tissue t-PA and negative correlation between plasma estrogen and plasma ADMA.
There were significantly negative correlations between plasma ADMA and tissue NOx.