الفهرس 
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Abstract
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is an important health problem that has increased exponentially over the world because of increasing the prevalence of obesity. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus is rapidly increasing worldwide, in parallel with the current obesity epidemic. In 2015, the worldwide prevalence of T2DM was estimated at 8.3% of the adult population, in 2015, which is expected to rise to 9.9% by the year 2030 and about 23% of patients with morbid obesity have T2DM. The worldwide diabetes cost was estimated to be at least $376 billion in 2010 and is expected to be $490 billion in 2030. Bariatric surgery originally developed solely as a weight-reduction therapy, but has been found to improve T2DM and to reduce rates of CVD and death. Furthermore, experimental studies in animals and humans suggest that certain bariatric procedures may improve diabetes control through mechanisms other than weight loss. Both a consensus meeting and the International Diabetes Federation have recommended consideration of bariatric surgery for control of T2DM.