الفهرس 
Pleural EffusionOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Summary Malignancy is the major cause of exudative pleural effusions which is usually massive and recurrent. The most common causes of malignant pleural effusions are carcinoma of the lung in men and carcinoma of the breast in women. Approximately half of all patients with metastatic cancer develop a malignant pleural effusion which is likely to lead to a significant reduction in quality of life secondary to symptoms such as dyspnea and cough. The management of pleural effusions and, in particular, recurrent MPE require an accurate assessment of the characteristics of thepleural fluid and the relief of the patient’s symptoms. Although a common problem, treatment of pleural effusions and MPE is highly variable selection of optimal treatment for the individual patient (or population of patients) requires a careful assessment of the benefits and associated risks of the therapy. Pleurodesis is an artificial measure of success that is hospital centered, not patient centered. Because patients with MPE have limited life expectancy, efforts to palliate or eliminate dyspnea, optimize function, eliminate hospitalization and reduce excessive end-of-life medical care costs. Pleurodesis involves draining the fluid either by thoracoscopy under general anaesthetic or sedation, or by inserting a chest drain by ’bedside’ thoracostomy under local anaesthetic. After the fluid has been removed, chemicals called sclerosants are introduced into the cavity to prevent fluid from accumulating again. Summary & Conclusions- 199 - The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of Thoracoscopic Talc pleurodesis versus viscum pleurodesis. This study was carried out from October 2012 to September 2015, in Chest Department, Tanta University Hospitals, Kasr Ainni hospitals, Credit Valley Hospitals in Canada, on 60 patients with recurrent symptomatic malignant pleural effusion whether primary or secondary. group I: Included 30 patients in whom pleurodesis was carried out using medical thoracoscopy. The sclerosing agent used is talc poudrage 5 gms of talc in 50ml sodium chloride 0.9%. They were 20 males and 10 females. Their ages ranged from 38 to 70 years old with a mean of (56.13± 8.98) years. group П: Included 30 patients in whom pleurodesis was carried out using intrapleural instillation of 5 ampules of Viscum Fraxini 2, (each ampoule of 1 ml contains 20 mg mistletoe extract equivalent to 10,000 ng Lectins) mixed with 100 ml of normal saline and injected via the chest tube. They were 13 males and 17 females. Their ages ranged from 31 to 72 years old with a mean of (57.17.