الفهرس 
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Abstract
Functional foods hold a great promise for future trends in human nutrition because they many healthy effects on the consumer. Recently, consumers are interested in food, which will keep them healthy and prevent diseases. The functional foods include a number of foods which contain important components that a healthy role beside their nutritional value. Many studies have shown evidence that plant foods reduces the risk of disease. This may be due to their content of photochemical. So, the aim of this work is to study the protective effects of some functional foods of containing important phytochemicals and antioxidants components from diseases, namely allergic disease and immunodeficiency.
Therefore targeted study provide blends of natural extracts of content from the active chemical compounds and the study of their role and impact in improving the functions of the immune system and reduce the level of allergy symptoms by stimulating the immune system and the prevention of allergy symptoms. Finding natural foods with a content of active compounds Anti Food Allergy and stimulating the immune system and thus the prevention of food allergy symptoms. High content of antioxidants and phenols content and flavonoids in addition to vitamin C, so as a functional food make balance in functions of the immune system.
For this purpose designed food products in form of juices were prepared as follows; Pomegranate (Punicagranatum), Echinacea purpurea, Spirulina Platensis and Stevioside is extracted from plant leaves Stevia rebaudiana. The preparation of antioxidants previous food allergy in the form of several blends proportions with each other in improve the functions of the immune system and reduce the symptoms of food allergies. In addition to the preparation of them drink to strengthen and improve the functions of the immune system and identify the chemical composition and sensory evaluation them.
The study targeted a group of Patient from volunteers were compared to control health personal divided as follows:
• The Control) G1 (20 normal ordinary people who are healthy.
• Allergenic) G2 (divided into two parts.
• The part (A) includes60 of immunology and patients allergy with three types of 20patientsurticaria(UR)as well as the sensitivity of the patients rhinitis (RH) and the sensitivity of patients asthma (AS)was used mixture with immune function extract (IFE ) without vaccine.
• The part (B): Treatment of study in the same division with immune function extracts (IFE) addition to vaccine used for their immunotherapy (MIX), which includes the 60individual.
• Immunodeficiency (G3): A private immunodeficiency to the immune system and analyses of a people does not appear on them allergy symptoms, but there are analyzes them to show deficiency in the immune system was given experimental product, which includes the 20individual.
These groups were selected and evaluated by questionnaires to find out the nutritional status of patients and history of the family and after conducting a routine medical examination of patients attending clinics food allergies and immunodeficiency in a Hospital of Ain Shams University and working in the same hospital, and ranging in age from 6 years to 65 years.
Preparation of formulated juice
Pomegranate juice water extraction was performed previously mentioned materials except Echinacea purpurea alcoholic extract for at extract containing active compounds that attributed her influence events in the improvement of the immune response and reduce the symptoms of food allergies and to improve and strengthen the immune system functions.
Chemical and physical evaluation
Chemical was estimated extracts and mixtures procedure and included: Determination of antioxidant activity and TSS in addition to estimating the pH. It was estimated the total phenolic content in addition to the estimate total flavonoids content and phenolic content knowledge and flavonoids each of the extracts and mixtures HPLC analysis of the extracts and extract mixtures as well as estimate the vitamin C content in mixtures. Obtain extracts and mixtures high concentration and purification.
The estimate of the total content of phenols and an estimate of the total content of flavonoids and content knowledge phenolic and know the content of flavonoids concentrations appropriate for each extract was determined by a test phagocytosis test of the extract, which was prepared for a higher efficiency to bring influence immune response in mixtures used for patients with allergies and immunodeficiency.It found the most suitable concentrations for PJ 100/1, EP1/10, SP 1/10 and ST 1/1000 (w/v).
Used for both urticaria and immunodeficiency AD pomegranate juice, EP, SP then ST in equal amounts with each other by 25%, the sensitivity of the rhinitis BC pomegranate juice and ST equal 25% rates while SP by 50%, then the mixture sensitivity asthmatic AB PJ, and ST equal 25% rates while EP by 50% as well as the estimate vitamin C intake in mixtures.
Biochemical analysis immunological methods for the collection of blood samples in each pipe contains a clot blocker and others do not contain blocker on the clot to obtain serum and plasma, respectively. Blood samples were taken from healthy people ”control group”, as well as members of the second group and the third before and after treatment in addition to prevent food substances that cause food allergy in the second set before starting treatment in the use of mixtures added vaccine immune user for two weeks. It has been testing the following: skin prick test, measurement immunoglobulin immune specialized materials that cause food allergy, measuring total immunoglobulin E, and measuring the immune of type IgM, IgG and IgA addition to the tests inhibition of both PIT% and EoE%. Also measure the immune complement 3, 4 and PEFR %. The study of the relationship with each other and compared to the control group before intake mix and after treatment mixtures only and added to the vaccine.
The obtained results could be summarized as follows
Chemical extracts and extract mixtures used
The results showed that reductive power, which means the antioxidant activity in pomegranate juice PJ was high 92.95% compared with extracts SP, EP and ST which are as follows (71.09, 69.02 and 67.14%), respectively. the results also showed a significant increase in antioxidant activity between the mixtures used in the improvement of the functions of the immune system and reduce the symptoms of food allergies for urticaria, asthma, rhinitis and immunodeficiency. It was noted the existence of a significant increase in both the total soluble solids and pH levels in both extracts and mixtures used. And no significant differences in total solids between mixtures used in the sensitivity of the rhinitis and asthma.
The results a significant increase of antioxidants such as phenols and flavonoids content in both extracts and mixtures used. The absence of significant differences in total phenols between mixtures used for patients with urticaria allergies and rhinitis which as follow (0.183, 0.189 mg / ml), respectively. No significant differences for age, while significant differences for gender. Positive significant differences in the skin prick test SPT% after taking the mixtures used for patients with food allergies and immunodeficiency mixtures added immune vaccine used in the treatment of patients with food allergies.
Phenolic compounds content in extracts and mixtures
The results of chromatographic analysis of the extracts concentrations are used for each of them high in phenolic content for each of the acid pyrogallol, catechein, protocatechic, chlorogenic,epicatechein, caffeine, benzoic, caffeic, vanilc, iso-ferulic, α-coumaric, salycillic, coumarin, methoxycinnamic and cinnamicin SP extract and EP then juice of pomegranate extract.
The phenolic content of the extracts concentrations used in each of syringic acid, gallic, catechol, coumaric, ferulic and ellagic in extract EP, SP then pomegranate juice. It was also observed from the results of the analysis and an increase in the syringic acid for both SP extract and EP extract are as follows (50373.13, 6609.03 μg / 100mg), respectively. The results of the analysis showed the presence of acids in phenolic contentin pomegranate juice from tyrosolacid, vanillic then reversetrol (987.18, 289.73 and 7.63 μg / 100mg), respectively.
The chromatographic analysis of mixtures used in allergic diseases showed a rise in the phenolic content in each of the syringic acid, pyrogallol, catechein, catechol and iso-ferulic then mix in food allergies for patients with urticaria, followed by mixture extracts rhinitis and then mix the asthma extracts. There is also arise in the content phenolic extracts used in the asthma sensitivity privateg allicacid, amino benzoic, vanillic, ferulic, α-coumaric, coumarin then cinnamic compared with extract mixtures allergic rhinitis and urticaria.
Flavonoid compounds content in extracts and extract mixtures
The analysis showed an increase in the content of flavonoids narengin acid, rosmarinic, quercetrin, and quercetinin pomegranate juice extract SP then followed EP, extract. There are also high in flavonoids protein acid contentin the extract EP, followed SP extract and pomegranate juice, a(2652, 2456 and 2251μg/100mg). The results of the analysis showed a rise in the content of flavonoids were hispertin acid, kampaferol, hispertin, apegnin and hydroxyl flavonein the extract SP followed EP, then extract pomegranate juice. Showed a rise in the flavonoid content of the mixtures learned in narginan acid, routine, hispertin, qurecetin, lutein, kampaferol, hispertin and hydroxyl flavone mixture in the rhinitis, followed by mixture of allergies urticaria and sensitivity asthma .
Determination of vitamin C content in extracts and extract mixtures
The results obtained from chromatographic analysis showed a rise in the value of vitamin C in the mixture, followed by allergy rhinitis, asthma and urticaria allergies are as follows: (31.05, 10.18 and 7.39 ppm).
Effect of extracts in the production and functional beverage to improve the immune response and strong then the immune system
The results obtained from phenols in the beverage product using high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC showed the increase of phenolic acid content of pryogaiol, tyrosol, chlorogenic, epicatechin, vanillic, aminobenzoic then catechol.
Flavonoids in the beverage product using high-performance liquid chromatography HPLC (SP) narginan acid, hisperidin, quercetrin, quercetin, rutin and rosmarinic. Test the inhibition of macrophages to measure the catalytic activity of the immune (Phagocytosis test) results showed no significant differences between the EP extracts and ST and the presence of significant differences between the functional drink compared to the record negative control sample. The results showed no significant differences between the functional drink pomegranates juices in antioxidant activity (95 vs 93%) compared to the extracts. Significant differences in the content of total phenols and flavonoids to drink career compared to other mixtures.
Sensory evaluation of formulated pomegranate juice
The results of sensory evaluation absence of significant differences in color and appearance, smell and homogeneity and the presence of significant differences in taste and over all acceptance record of the drink of pomegranate and content juice on EP, SP and ST extracts compared to juice the pomegranate only was the best mixes, which showed accept a blesensoryis (PJ 85%: ST 5%: SP 4%: EP 6%).
The most important medical results obtained extracts and mixtures used in cases of food allergies and immunodeficiency
First, the preventive mixture against urticaria allergies
The results showed a significant difference in the high-intake group mix in addition to the preventive vaccine (MIX) used in the treatment due to the patient compared to the intake mixture (IFE) the preventive tests in both sensitivity following. Sp. IgE, IgM and C (3,4). Showed the presence of very high significant differences in the intake (IFE) group in addition to the preventive vaccine scheduled for the patient group compared to IFE the preventive intake mixture in both of the following immunological tests: T.IgE, IgG, IgA, EoE% and PIT%.
Second, the preventive mixture against the sensitivity of the allergy rhinitis
The results showed a significant difference in the intake is too high for the group in addition to the vaccine (MIX) of serum used in the treatment group compared to the (IFE) used in both of the following tests: Sp. IgE, IgG, IgA and EoE%. Showed that there were significant differences in the intake group used in addition to the vaccine (MIX) used in the treatment group compared to the IFE used in both from the following: T.IgE, IgM, (PEFR) % and PIT%. The presence of significant differences in the intake of the group in the IFE C (3, 4) compared to the other group dealt with the mixture in addition to the vaccine (MIX).
Third: The preventive mixture against allergies asthma
The results obtained showed the presence of significant differences in very high intake group mixture used in addition to vaccine MIX used in the treatment group compared to the mix IFE used in both of the following:(PEFR) %,SepecificIgE, T.IgE, IgG, IgM, IgA and EoE%. Results highly significant differences in both the group IFE dealt with the mixture addition to vaccine MIX used in the treatment to both of the following: C4 and PIT. Showed a significant difference in the intake IFE group in the results of the preventive C3group compared to other intake mixture in addition to the user vaccine MIX.
Fourth: The mixture of the preventive immunedeficiency
The results obtained showed the presence of significant differences in very high intake group mixture used in addition to vaccine MIX used in the treatment group compared to the mix IFE used in both of the following:(IgG ,IgA ,PIT% and C(3and4). The results also showed that there were significant differences in the intake group mixture used in addition to vaccine MIX used in the treatment group compared to the mix IFE used in both Total.IgE and IgM.
The final conclusion and recommendations
According to the results of this study it can be recommend the use of natural extracts of pomegranate juice PJ, EP, SP and ST with a content of active chemical compounds with vaccine used in the treatment scheduled for each patient, leading to improve the functions of the immune system and reduce urticaria, rhinitis allergy symptoms, and asthmatic. Efficacy of the immunotherapy was noticed from the reduction in the levels Sp. IgE, total Ig E, and from the increases in the levels of IgG IgA, PIT, C3 and C4 in both groups of patients it is exceptionally safe, offers convenience for the patient, and provides effective treatment for immunodeficiency indicated from the reduction in the severity of disease and improvement in the cells and immune function.
The results proved the effectiveness of natural extracts components of these mixtures in enhancing the immune response and thus reduce food allergies and immunodeficiency symptoms.
Could be recommended based on the assessment results of sensory showed general acceptance of the record of the drink of PJ, EP and SP with a content of active chemical compounds and with ST added sweetener compared to ”normal juice pomegranate. Can supplements drinks to improve the functions of the immune system to prevent food allergies and immunodeficiency.