الفهرس 
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Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate thioacetamide (TAA) -induced cirrhosis with evaluation of some natural materials with hepatoprotective nature. Three hundred adult male Sprague-Dawely rats were allocated into 10 equal groups (30 rats each) and kept under standard hygienic conditions 6 animals’ ̸ cage. group I served as control negative group, group II, III, IV and V were administered silymarin (100mg̸ Kg b.wt), propolis (100mg̸ Kg b.wt), Spirulina (300mg̸ Kg b.wt) and naringenin (50mg̸ Kg b.wt)respectively by oral gavage daily to serve as tested hepatoprotective materials control groups, group VI was intraperitoneally injected by TAA at a dose of 200mg̸ kg b.wt. twice a week, while groups VII, VIII, IX and X were administered silyrmarin, propolis, spirulina and naringenin respectively with concurrent injection with TAA at the previously mentioned doses. Every two weeks, animals body weights in each group was recorded and five animals from each group were sacrificed, blood samples were collected for serum separation to perform liver function markers (AST, ALT, ALP and Bilirubin) and kidney function markers tests (BUN and Creatinine). Liver, kidneys and brain specimens were collected for histopathology and the hepatocarcass index was calculated. The oxidative status of liver homogenate was evaluated by measuring MDA and SOD levels. Fibrosis scoring was done according to the METAVIR scoring system, immunostaining for Caspase-3 and α-SMA were also performed. TAA administration resulted in significant elevation of serum liver and kidney function markers when compared to the control negative group, while concurrent administration of the different tested hepatoprotective materials with TAA injection resulted in variable significant ameliorative effect on their elevation. Concurrent administration of the different tested hepatoprotective materials with TAA administration had a significant improving effect on the oxidative status of the liver by significant lowering MDA levels and increasing SOD activity. Administration of the tested hepatoprotective materials with TAA improved the noxious effect exerted by TAA on liver histological features.
Concluding that the tested natural hepatoprotective materials were able to retard or limit the progression of fibrosis with related improvement in serum liver function markers as well as maintaining the oxidative status of liver.