الفهرس 
INTRODUCTIONOnly 14 pages are availabe for public view
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Abstract
Aquaculture considered the fastest growing sector of food production, about 50 percent of total global food fish production now comes from aquacultures. Outbreaks of fish diseases in aquaculture are still serious problems. The extensive usage of antibiotics for treatment or as prophylactic, leads to development of drug resistant strains, in addition to drug residues in fish meat which can be transmitted to human through food chain.
Probiotics are beneficent microbial cells that are commonly used as immune-modulators. The changes in the microbial community driven by probiotics depend on the type of administration. Different results have been obtained when administering probiotics as single species or as multi species. The incorporation of probiotics in feed favorably influenced the reproductive performance of fish in terms of high fecundity enhance vitellogenin synthesis, induce follicle maturation and high gonado- somatic index. Commercialization of these probiotics is important for sustainable aquaculture practice.
Effect of probiotics on the growth performance, some immunological, biochemical and hematological parameters of Nile tilapia were evaluated. Eight weeks feeding trials were conducted to examine the effect of three types of probiotics, multi-strain probiotics (6×107cfu g-1), Bacillus sbtilis (1×1011cfu g-1) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (2.6×1010cfu g-1) in commercial names Protexin ,Biogen-S and Diamond V, respectively.